Paper Title

A STUDY ON HEPATOTOXICITY AND NEPHROTOXICITY INDUCED BY CHRONIC ALCOHOL TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

Abstract

Chronic alcohol toxicity has many harmful effects, and chronic consumption of alcohol is deleterious for alcohol consumers in the long term. The purpose of our research is to examine the hepatotoxic & nephrotoxic effects of chronic alcohol toxicity in Wistar rats. The animals consisted of an aggregate of twelve male Wistar rats divided into two distinct sets (n = 6 in each group); control and chronic alcohol toxicity. In this chronic alcohol toxicity model, 20% ethanol in water was provided as the only water source in the proportion of 2 gm/kg body weight for a duration of 90 days. During this period, normal food was provided throughout. These animals had their blood collected towards the conclusion of the research session and were sent to the lab for biochemical assays. The levels of urea and creatinine were analyzed and tabulated using Microsoft Excel. Calculations were made to determine the mean & standard deviation regarding the information at hand. Statistical analysis showed a substantial decline (p< 0.05) within the urea levels inside the chronic alcohol toxicity group as contrasted to the control group. When comparing the between the groups, the concentration of creatinine witnessed a noteworthy rise (p< 0.05). These findings emphasize that there is a need for timely diagnosis and treatment of chronic alcohol toxicity to prevent organ damage and to improve patient outcomes. A deeper understanding of mechanisms underlying the toxicity of alcohol consumption for extended periods of time is essential towards the creation of effective treatment plans. Further investigations revealing the enduring consequences of chronic alcohol toxicity could provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms altered, and the pathways involved in chronic alcohol toxicity.
KEYWORDS : Alcohol toxicity, Binge drinking, Wistar rats, Nephrotoxicity, and Hepatotoxicity

Paper Title

DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF MICROSPHERES LOADED WITH METOPROLOL SUCCINATE

Abstract

The present work was designed to formulate metoprolol succinate microspheres by using ethyl cellulose polymer by solvent evaporation method and by using sodium alginate by ion gelation method and comaprision was made and evaluated that solvent evaporation method proves to be best method than ion gelation method. Preformulation studies were done for bulk drugs. The Metoprolol succinate microspheres were formulated and evaluated. The formulation F3 has the highest entrapment efficiency. The drug loading was found to decrease with increase in the amount of polymer related to drug. The particle size of a microsphere was determined by optical microscopy and all the batches of microspheres show uniform size distribution. The particle size was found to be in the range of 39.72 to 57.26 µm. The prepared microspheres had good spherical geometry with smooth surface as evidenced by the scanning electron microscopy. The invitro dissolution studies that the Metoprolol succinate microspheres formualation F3 showed better controlled release over a period of 12hrs than the other formulations. It was concluded that as the polymer concentration increases, density of polymer increases that results in increased diffusion path length, which the drug molecules have to traverse so, the drug release of F3 formulation takes long time than other formulations. For all the formulations dissolution profile graph and percentage of drug release Vs time was plotted. From all the parameters mentioned above were taken, including surface characteristics of the formulation, drug polymer ratio and time F3 Shows the reliable results.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

SURFACE ENGINEERING OF CDS/ZNS QDS VIA GLUTATHIONE CAPPING: FTIR AND COLLOIDAL STABILITY ASSESSMENT

Abstract

This study examines the aqueous-phase ligand exchange of hydrophobic CdS/ZnS core-shell QDs utilizing reduced glutathione (GSH) and assesses their physicochemical stability across different solvent and pH conditions. A biphasic ligand exchange technique was utilized to substitute Trioctylphosphine oxide ligands with glutathione, making the QDswater dispersible. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy validated thiol-metal coordination and surface functionalization with glutathione. Dynamic light scattering demonstrated an increase in hydrodynamic diameter from around 7.4 nm to about 11.2 nm post-exchange, while zeta potential studies indicated improved colloidal stability at –26.3 mV. Stability experiments exhibited superior optical and colloidal performance in Milli-Q water and phosphate-buffered saline, with modest aggregation observed in protein-rich environments. The pH-responsive behaviour demonstrated excellent stability throughout the range of pH 7.0 to 8.0. These findings confirm GSH as a potent ligand for stabilizing QDs in aquatic environments, endorsing their applicability in biological and diagnostic fields.
KEYWORDS : CdS/ZnS QDs, colloidal stability, glutathione capping, ligand exchange, pH-dependent behaviour, surface charge

Paper Title

ADVANCEMENTS IN NURSING EDUCATION: PREPARING NURSES FOR FUTURE CHALLENGE

Abstract

Nursing education has undergone significant transformation over past two decades driven by technological innovations, competency-based curricula, interprofessional collaboration & evolving healthcare landscape. Integration of simulation learning, e-learning platforms & evidence-based teaching strategies has reshaped future nurses acquire clinical skills & professional competencies. Findings reveal that simulation-based training, digital learning platforms & interdisciplinary education significantly enhance clinical decision-making, critical thinking & adaptability to modern healthcare challenges. This concludes with recommendations for sustaining innovation in nursing education to prepare graduates for future healthcare systems.
KEYWORDS : Nursing education, Simulation learning, E-learning, Competency-based curriculum & Healthcare challenges

Paper Title

IMPACT OF A STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS\' UNDERSTANDING OF LEARNING DISABILITIES IN STUDENTS

Abstract

Background: A pre-experimental study was carried out to evaluate the impact of a structured teaching program on primary school teachers\' understanding of learning difficulties in students at particular schools in the Jhunjhunu area of Rajasthan. Using a non-probability purposive sampling technique, 60 primary school teachers made up the sample. In order to ascertain the efficiency of a planned teaching program about learning difficulties in schoolchildren, the study set out to ascertain the degree of information that primary school teachers have about these issues. The ultimate goal was to determine the relationship between their chosen demographic characteristics and their pre-test level of awareness of learning impairments. Materials and Methods: The study employed a one-group pre-test post-test design. Using a non-probability purposive sampling technique, 60 primary school teachers were included in the sample. Ludwig Von Bertalanffy\'s General System Model served as the foundation for the study\'s conceptual framework. Structured knowledge questionnaires and demographic performance assessments were the instruments utilized to gather data. Results: Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the data analysis. In comparison to the mean pre-test knowledge score of 15.55±2.05 (p<0.05), the study\'s mean post-test knowledge score was significantly higher at 24.92±1.41. At p<0.01, the paired t value calculated at 33.67** was statistically significant. Conclusion: The study\'s conclusions demonstrated that the organized teaching program greatly increased primary school teachers\' understanding of learning difficulties in students.
KEYWORDS : Structured teaching programme, Knowledge, Learning disabilities, school children, primary school teachers.

Paper Title

DIETARY STRATEGIES AND SUPPLEMENTATION: OPTIMIZING MAGNESIUM INTAKE

Abstract

Magnesium, an essential mineral, plays a critical role in over 300 enzymatic reactions within the human body, influencing everything from muscle and nerve function to blood glucose control and blood pressure regulation. Despite its ubiquitous importance, magnesium deficiency is prevalent across various populations due to suboptimal dietary intake and increased physiological demands. This paper explores comprehensive dietary strategies and supplementation approaches to optimize magnesium intake, highlighting the challenges in achieving adequate levels and the benefits of sufficient magnesium status. We will delve into the absorption mechanisms of magnesium, identify rich dietary sources, discuss factors influencing bioavailability, and critically evaluate the current landscape of magnesium supplementation, including different forms, dosages, and potential interactions. Ultimately, this paper aims to provide a science-based framework for individuals and healthcare professionals to develop effective strategies for achieving and maintaining optimal magnesium levels for enhanced health and well-being.
KEYWORDS : Magnesium, dietary intake, supplementation, bioavailability, deficiency, health, metabolism, enzymatic reactions, mineral absorption

Paper Title

EXPLORATORY ASSESSMENT OF TREATMENT CHALLENGES AND SOCIAL BURDEN AMONG SICKLE CELL ANEMIA PATIENTS IN DURG DISTRICT, CHHATTISGARH

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is highly prevalent in central India and is associated with significant morbidity, frequent health-care utilization, and social constraints. Evidence from district-level settings on barriers to care, treatment adherence, and social burden remains limited. In this study we conducted pilot study at Pandurang Ramarao Dongaokar District Hospital Durg, (c.g.) Date on 04/01/2025 at morning time, sample size was 5. This research projects aim was to identify challenges in access to treatment, social issues, adherence to treatment and complications and to associate selected socio-demographic variables with the challenges in access to treatment, social issues, adherence to treatment and complications we conducted main study on 29/04/2025 at morning time at Pandurang Ramarao Dongaokar District Hospital Durg, (c.g.) This study found that there is significant relationship between frequency of hospitalization and gender.86.67% was on regular treatment, 36.67% patients have more than one symptom (including joint pain, headache blurring of vision, dyspnea etc.
KEYWORDS : Sickle cell anemia; treatment access; adherence; complications; stigma; social burden

Paper Title

EVALUATION OF MULTICOMPONENT THERAPY IN REDUCING DEPRESSION AMONG HIGH SCHOOL CHILDREN OF SELECTED SCHOOLS IN KOLLAM, KERALA

Abstract

Depression is a growing mental health concern among adolescents, often affecting their academic performance, social functioning, and overall well-being. School-based interventions provide an effective platform for early identification and management of depressive symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent therapy program in reducing depression among high school children in selected schools in Kollam, Kerala. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control group was adopted. The intervention group received a structured multicomponent therapy consisting of cognitive behavioral techniques, relaxation training, life-skill enhancement sessions, and peer-support activities, delivered over weeks. Depression levels were assessed using a standardized tool, the before and after the intervention. The findings showed a significant reduction in mean depression scores among students who received multicomponent therapy compared to the control group. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the intervention had a positive and meaningful impact on depressive symptoms (p < 0.05). The results indicate that multicomponent therapy is an effective school-based intervention for reducing depression among adolescents.
KEYWORDS : Multicomponent therapy, Depression, High school children, Adolescents, School-based intervention, Mental health, Kollam, Kerala, Psychoeducation.

Paper Title

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF JOB SATISFACTION AND OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONG STAFF NURSES IN HOSPITALS

Abstract

Job satisfaction and occupational stress are critical factors influencing the efficiency, well-being & retention of nursing professionals in hospital settings. Staff nurses often work in demanding environments marked by long working hours, heavy patient loads, emotional involvement and resource constraints which may affect their professional satisfaction and psychological health. Present analytical study examines levels of job satisfaction and occupational stress among staff nurses employed in hospitals and explores the relationship between these two variables. Data were collected using structured questionnaires covering aspects as workload, work environment, supervisory support, remuneration & work–life balance. Appropriate statistical techniques were applied to interpret the data & determine significant patterns and relationships. Findings indicate that increased occupational stress is associated with reduced job satisfaction particularly in relation to workload and administrative support. These emphasizes the importance of improving working conditions implementing stress management measures and fostering supportive organizational practices to enhance job satisfaction among staff nurses and ensure quality healthcare delivery.
KEYWORDS : Job Satisfaction, Occupational Stress, Staff Nurses, Hospital Environment & Work–Life Balance