Paper Title

STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONAL MODULE ON NEW- BORN CARE AMONG PRIMI GRAVIDA MOTHERS ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINICS AT SELECTED MATERNITY HOSPITAL AT ASRAMAM, KOLLAM DIST, KERALA STATE

Abstract

The late Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru said, “Children are the wealth of tomorrow, take care of them if you wish to have a strong India, ever ready to meet the various changes”. Hence the newborn babies are valuable assets of the country and they are the future citizens. Only a healthy newborn can be developed into a healthy citizen. Parenting is a duty and responsibility like no other and it is very important job that has no manual. A woman who is pregnant unexpectedly is called as primi gravida antenatal mother (Margaret A. Cooper). Mother is a significant and the prime individual to offer care to the newborn. The data on the mother identified with newborn care is basic for the mothers particularly the primi gravidas antenatal mothers.
KEYWORDS : Attitude; Knowledge; primi gravida mothers ,Newborn care; Practice.

Paper Title

A STUDY ON DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG SELECTED SCHOOL OF ADOLESCENT FEMALES IN DURG (CG)

Abstract

Mental health is the emotional and spiritual resilience that allows one to enjoy life and to survive pain, suffering and disappointment. Mental health is undeniably one of our most precious possessions, which needs to be nurtured promoted, and preserved as best as we can. It is the state of mind in which the individual can experience sustained joy of life while working productively, interacting with others meaningfully, and facing up adversities without losing the capacity to function physically, psychologically and socially. A person is said to have good mental health when he succeeds in maintaining harmonious relationship between himself / herself and his / her environment. Mental health is a broad term which involves complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of any disease. Social interest, concern for others, a co- operative approach to life, and a striving for ideal community promote both physical and psychological well being. It is thus the adjustment of an individual to the environment with maximum efficiency and comfort. It is undoubtedly a vital resource for a nation\'s development, and its absence represents a great burden to the economic, political, and social functioning of the nation.
KEYWORDS : Depression and anxiety, SPSS, : Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Chattisgadh (GG)

Paper Title

PHARMACOGENOMIC OF MATAMORPHINE IN TYPE -2 DIABETES

Abstract

One of the main causes of death with a fast-rising prevalence is type 2 diabetes. After lifestyle changes fail, pharmacological treatment is the first recommended course of action. However, a sizable portion of patients exhibit or develop treatment resistance over time and as their diseases worsen. Additionally, not every type 2 diabetic patient responds the same way to medication. Although nongenetic factors (hepatic, renal, and intestinal) are present, genetic explanations account for the majority of this heterogeneity. Despite the fact that there are still some unresolved issues, pharmacogenomics studies have described a link between single nucleotide polymorphisms and medication resistance. The most trustworthy method for examining allelic variants to far is next-generation sequencing, which enables the simultaneous investigation of nucleotide variants and gene expression on a genome-wide scale. Here, we evaluate. the association between insulin signaling and CYP2C9 gene polymorphisms, a gene involved in drug metabolism (ABCC8, KCNJ11, and PPARG). We also point out how recent developments in sequencing technology have made it possible for researchers to conduct extensive pharmacogenomics studies. The discovery of allelic variations linked to drug resistance will provide a strong foundation for developing individualized therapeutic strategies for the management of type 2 diabetes.
KEYWORDS : Type 2 diabetes, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacological treatment, Metabolism, Insulin.

Paper Title

A REVIEW: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LEMON BALM

Abstract

Yeast and bacteria that create acetic acid and ferment it produces kombucha, a traditional beverage. The agar-well diffusion method was used to assess the antibacterial activity of lemon balm Kombucha and certain specific control samples. Antioxidant a stable activity Radicals from the lemon balm compound 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl the spectroscopy of electron spin resonance was used to identify kombucha and lemon balm tea. A significant amount of acetic acid\'s antibacterial action against bacteria was also present in samples of Kombucha and heat denaturized Kombucha. The fight against yeasts and molds, however, was inactive. In all applied sample quantities, kombucha demonstrated more antioxidant activity than tea sample.
KEYWORDS : antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, lemon balm, Kombucha

Paper Title

A RESEARCH ON METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF SELECTED ANTIVIRAL DRUGS IN COMBINED DOSAGE FORM BY VARIOUS ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES

Abstract

As a direct consequence of the launch of novel medicines, more recent analytical methods need to be created for these medicines. In order to make an existing method suitable for the new applications, it was necessary to make certain adjustments to the method. The discovery of new therapeutic targets is an essential step in the manufacturing of brand-new pharmaceutical drugs. The consumption of high-quality items is a certain way to get better health results. The purpose of antiviral medication is to shorten the length of illness as well as infectivity while simultaneously lowering the severity of symptoms. The present work provides analytical approaches that are rapid, straightforward, sensitive, and focussed for the purpose of detecting antiviral drugs that are administered in combination dosage form.
KEYWORDS : RP-HPLC, validation

Paper Title

AN EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTIC MINI TABLETS: A NEW MODEL FOR ORAL DRUGS

Abstract

Every drug delivery system (DDS) must deliver drug to target region and achieve drug concentration for therapy. Controlled or sustained DDS limits pharmaceutical activity to a specified location to reduce dosage frequency and increase efficacy. It\'s commonly known that pills are the best way to provide medication. Little tabs that offer formulation flexibility are also emerging. Tablets, capsules, and pellets, granules, and small tablets are all oral controlled release DDS. Small tablets are better than granules and pellets. Tiny tablets, with a diameter <3 mm, are patient-friendly drug delivery systems that are easier to swallow and provide therapeutic advantages such dosage and formulation flexibility, combined release pattern, coating, and reduced solvent demand. Little tablets reduce dosage dumping and local pain. This study discusses micro tablet advantages, manufacturing methods, formulation alternatives, and constraints.
KEYWORDS : Oral dose forms, pediatric medication administration

Paper Title

REVIEW OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE MICROPROPAGATION OF FRUIT TREES

Abstract

Explant type and size, surface sterilization, phenol exudation and control, culture medium, media (strength, kind, and condition), carbon supply and additions, light and temperature, plant growth regulators, pH, and agricultural media all influenced fruit tree micropropagation. Most plant species have virus-free in vitro culture with 0.5-mm explants like shoot tip culture. Surface sterilization was greatest for explants treated with (10-30%) clorox solution and two drops of tween 20 for 15-20 min. Explant type (shoot tip, axillary bud, one node cutting, leaf disc, flower buds and seeds). Antioxidants (150 mg LG1 citric acid+100 mg LG1 ascorbic acid) for 2-24 h before culture are the best strategy to reduce phenol exudation. Several species developed explants and induced roots by lowering the medium pH to 5.7. Several explant species were cultured at 25-28EC with 16 h of artificial light and 8 h darkness. Sugar, the most common carbon and energy source for micropropagation, promotes growth. Full medium grew most explants. Date palm, mango, apple, and other culture explants release phenolic chemicals that thrive in liquid media during in vitro establishment and roots. Little auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins are required. Most fruit micropropagation media uses BAP or 2ip. NAA and IAB are the least stable in vitro rooting mediums. Auxin and cytokinins outperform gibberellins. Vermiculite: sand: peatmoss acclimatizes most plantlets (1:1:1).
KEYWORDS : Micropropagation, fruit tree, explant type, medium, plant growth regulator.

Paper Title

THE IMPORTANCE OF VITAMINS AND MINERALS TO THE ENERGY CYCLE AND ONE\'S OVERALL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

Abstract

Doctors often see exhausted, sluggish, and low-energy patients. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies may cause these symptoms without an underlying sickness. Elderly and pregnant women are identified risk groups. We investigated if lesser-known groups were at risk. This research aims to identify risk groups for inadequate micronutrient intake, define the connections between micronutrients, energy metabolism, and wellbeing, and assess the efficacy of micronutrient supplementation in these groups. A research review found that young people, generally women, with busy lives, physical activity, and poor dietary choices or frequent dieting are at risk of insufficient micronutrient consumption. Micronutrient supplements may cure deficiencies if used long enough.
KEYWORDS : Vitamins; Minerals; Micronutrients; Micronutrient Supplementation; Energy Metabolism;

Paper Title

GASTRORETENTIVE MEANS OF DELIVERY: A SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

Abstract

This study combines and describes gastro retentive techniques, which are now the main approach for site-specific oral controlled release medication delivery. Gastro-retentive medication delivery is used for oral medicine administration (GRDDS). To overcome oral delivery issues such poor bioavailability, dosage forms are often kept in the stomach and slowly released. Gastric retention reasons and cures helped us grasp numerous physiological issues. In vitro gastro retentive device testing.
KEYWORDS : GRDDS, oral drug administration, bioavailability, and gastric retention

Paper Title

FOCUSING ON CONVENTIONAL INDIAN MEDICINE AS A PATH TOWARDS HERBAL MEDICINE\'S INTEGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

India\'s codified traditional medical systems and folk medicine include a wide lexicon of herbal concoctions and medicinal plants. Due to the surge in popularity of herbal medicines and products as supplementary therapies and health management aids over the past few decades, Indian traditional medicine has the potential to be promoted abroad. Traditional Indian herbal therapies are becoming popular in developed and developing countries. Many modern medications come from Ayurveda and other traditional medicinal systems\' herbs. Ayurveda and other traditional herbal therapies may heal unmet medical needs and inspire new drugs. Traditional Indian herbal medicines lack pharmaceutical uniformity, information, quality control, and strict monitoring. Many regulatory and commercial methods have been introduced lately to address these challenges. Quality control, effectiveness and safety testing, and trustworthy clinical research are needed for herbal products. Indian traditional herbal medicine must be carefully and scientifically integrated with evidence-based clinical problem treatment to enhance patient care.
KEYWORDS : Indian herbal medicine, conventional medicine, and ayurveda

Paper Title

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF RAINFALL VARIABILITY GROUND WATER SYSTEM IN MEGHNAGAR REGION, JHABUA DISTRICT, MADHYA PRADESH

Abstract

The study combines findings of the rainfall variation data analysis over a period of 20 years in respect of Meghnagar region situated in Jhabua District, Madhya Pradesh, India. The rainfall data have been submitted to both mathematical and statistical methodologies of data analysis. The mathematical research suggests a rainfall variations ranging from 392.4 to 1562.34 mm with an annual average of 902.85 mm. The deviation and cumulative departure from the yearly average rainfall reflect positive and negative trends. The statistical analysis of rainfall data includes the determination of mean = 910 mm, median = 925 mm, mode = 1100 mm, standard deviation = 372.021 mm, co-efficient of dispersion = 0.40 and co-efficient of variation = 40.88 and co- factor of skewness = -0510. The findings of statistical analysis give more précised values, which are of tremendous importance in data verification. The environmental consequences of rainfall data on groundwater system have been examined. It has been claimed that the adoption of a program for rainwater collecting and augmentation of groundwater resource by the building of artificial recharge structures will answer the present challenges of sustained water supply.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

THE EFFECTS OF MEDICINAL HERBS WITH ANTI-FERTILITY PROPERTIES ON MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTION

Abstract

Aim and Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide researchers a comprehensive understanding of the antifertility activity of many plants that inhibits both male and female fertility and may be used to make contraceptives. Just a small number of medicinal herbs have so far been tested for their ability to suppress fertility, despite the fact that many of them have been claimed to do so. Materials and Methods: In order to provide relevant information on antifertility medicinal plants, a thorough bibliographic inquiry was conducted by examining several classic text books, scientific publications, and visiting internationally recognized databases. Plant species that have historically been employed as spermatogenics, emmenagogues, contraceptives, and abortifacients have also been regarded antifertility agents. Results: In all, 233 plant species from different families that have historically been used as antifertility medications for both men and females have been included in this analysis. Included among the different plant components used to control fertility are leaves, fruits, roots, bark, and stem, among others. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is evident that medicinal herbs have a significant impact as preventatives of infertility. Herbal antifertility treatments provide a viable alternative to the many commercially available oral contraceptives on the market by reducing the number of undesirable pharmacological features. Due to its safety and low cost of usage, traditional medicine is now seeing a fast expansion of study.
KEYWORDS : Keywords: Antifertility; plant extracts; contraceptive; abortifacient; fertility regulation.

Paper Title

EXPLORING CHOLERA PREDICTION BY ANALYZING ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS AND TRANSMISSION PATHWAYS

Abstract

Climate affects aquatic Vibrio cholerae. Socioeconomic variables and other factors affect cholera outbreaks. Since 1960, millions have contracted cholera. Hence, cholera remains a health risk, particularly when hydrological and environmental changes affect human vulnerability. Cholera outbreaks can either epidemic or endemic. Traditional compartmental susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) models predict human cholera transmission through the fecal–oral route. These models ignore additional infection routes like pathogen mobility and illness transmission heterogeneity. Trigger-only models have predicted real-time outbreaks but not cholera transmission. Since cholera outbreaks may become endemic, a full transmission model is needed to predict quantitative environmental risk. Given V. cholerae\'s autochthonous aquatic nature and illness prediction, we examine epidemic and endemic trigger module development.
KEYWORDS : Vibrio cholerae; trigger; transmission; prediction; cholera; environmental parameters

Paper Title

ETHNOBOTANICAL INVESTIGATION OF PLANTS USED BY LOCAL PEOPLE OF KATHIWADA REGION, MADHYA PRADESH

Abstract

Humanity\'s origins may have coincided with medicine\'s. The \"Rigveda\" describes the first use of herbs as medicine for a variety of diseases. Later in Indian medicine, the \"Susruta Samhita\" and \"Caraka Samhita\" were the most important manuscripts. Woodlands cover much of this nation, providing access to many therapeutic plants. These plants have been essential to Ayurvedic medicine for centuries. Biochemistry, bacteriology, immunology, synthetic medications, and antibiotics have rendered ayurvedic therapies obsolete. State support for the pharmaceutical industry modernized and popularized medicine. Due to contemporary medicine\'s unaddressed issues such drug toxicity, drug resistance, and exorbitant treatment costs, ayurveda is making a comeback. Ayurveda contributed to our ancestors\' great health. They lived long and well without modern medicine\'s manufactured, lethal medications. Owing to these two key factors, medicinal plants in Madhya Pradesh are vital. First and foremost, this state\'s natural environment supports a flora rich in medicinal plants. Second, it is the least developed state, with various indigenous peoples, like as the Gonds, Gujars, Kols, and Lodhi, living in remote areas and relying on natural resources and forest flora. India\'s culture relies on ethnobotany, according to several experts. The Kathiawada district of Madhya Pradesh will be examined ethnobotanically in this study.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

INCREASED PLANT VARIETY IN AGROECOSYSTEMS BENEFITS POLLINATORS LIKE BEES AND OTHER INSECTS AN ANALYSIS

Abstract

35 percent of the world\'s agricultural supply—800 species—requires animal pollination. Bee and other insect pollinators have declined due to 50 years of agriculture. North America has fewer pollinators over 50 since 2004. Industrial farming degrades habitats, reducing blooming plants, and chemical usage aged bees and other pollinators globally. To create pollinator-friendly settings, farmers should develop flowering plants and adopt agroecological practices to stop using pesticides. Conventional farmers should choose pesticides, other chemicals, and their application techniques carefully. We discuss findings suggesting that improving habitat for domestic and wild bees and other insects may increase pollination services in agroecosystems. Restoring plant biodiversity may help farms and their environs.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

A DISCUSSION CONCERNING THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

Abstract

Chromatography is described as a group of methods used to separate components in a mixture. There are two stages to this technique: fixed and movable phases. The difference in the partition coefficients of the two phases serves as the basis for the separation of components. The word \"chromatography\" comes from the Greek words \"chroma\" (meaning \"color\") and \"graphein\" (meaning \"to write\"). Chromatography is a relatively common technology that is mostly utilized for analytical purposes. There are several chromatographic methods, including High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Ion Exchange Chromatography, Thin Layer Chromatography, Gas Chromatography, and Paper Chromatography. The HPLC technology, including its theory, varieties, apparatus, and applications, is the major subject of this paper.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

A DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE METHODS USED IN CHROMATOGRAPHY

Abstract

Various chromatography methods, including HPLC, Gas chromatography, Paper chromatography, TLC, etc., and their applicability for different substances. Different physical and chemical characteristics of a variety of test samples must be separated by the chosen chromatographic techniques, which count the separations, identify the samples, and analyze them with the best results for each sample. The conventional as well as the sophisticated of numerous attempts for specific samples are discussed in this study. The research shows how chromatography is used at different phases of drug discovery and development.
KEYWORDS : HPLC, Gas Chromatography, TLC, Drug discovery, Chromatography.

Paper Title

A REVIEW OF NOVEL BENZOPYRANS AND THEIR MEDICINAL APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Introduction: Benzopyran derivatives have different biological activity and behavior. Benzopyran derivatives may treat several illnesses. Their physicochemical structures appear to influence their biological action. Expert opinion: Numerous benzopyran derivatives have biological effects in vivo and in vitro. To evaluate the therapeutic value of their clinical evaluation, it will be essential. It is generally known that the compounds having benzopyran moiety serve as lead compounds for the development of new, more promising molecules.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

AN ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN COSMETICS AND PHARMACEUTICALS

Abstract

Innovative nanotechnology boosts product effectiveness, showing research and development advancement. Nanotechnology improves cosmeceuticals. Cosmetics are the fastest-growing personal care category. Nanocosmeceuticals treat skin, hair, nail, and lip wrinkles, photoaging, hyperpigmentation, dandruff, and damage. Nanoemulsions, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and nanospheres have replaced traditional delivery methods. These nanocarriers improve skin penetration, regulated and prolonged drug release, stability, site-specific targeting, and trapping. Nanotoxicological research has raised concerns about employing nanoparticles in cosmeceuticals since they may infiltrate skin and create health issues. This nanotechnology review examines the benefits and downsides of several carriers for cosmeceuticals, their commercial formulations, toxicity, and restrictions.
KEYWORDS : Cosmeceuticals, nanocarriers, liposomes, niosomes, nanoemulsion, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanospheres, nanoparticles, nanocosmeceuticals, etc.

Paper Title

MODIFICATION OF DRUG-DELIVERY PARTICLE SIZES TO THE MICRO AND NANO RANGE

Abstract

The need for food that does not include any additives has created a unique opportunity for antimicrobial food packaging films. Antimicrobial food packaging has a substantial impact on the safety of food because it inhibits the growth of microorganisms that break down food. Antimicrobial packaging\'s primary purpose is to lengthen the amount of time that food products may be stored without going bad. Nano composite films have special mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. Nano composite films also have these qualities. The use of antimicrobial nanofiller may result in the development of antibacterial properties. Inorganic antibacterial nanofillers are better for the environment than organic ones when it comes to the production of nanocomposite films.
KEYWORDS : Drug-Delivery, Micro And Nano Range.

Paper Title

MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR ACNE VULGARIS: A REVIEW

Abstract

In addition to hormonal, anti-androgen, or antiseborrheic treatments, benzoil peroxide, retinoids, isotretinoids, keratolytic soaps, alpha hydroxy acids, azelaic acid, and salicilic acid are some of the many diverse therapy options for acne vulgaris. None of these strategies, meanwhile, are without flaws, and it\'s not quite apparent how they fit into therapy. This article examines the various causes and treatments for acne vulgaris as well as recent research on the effects of acne-treating herbs. These plants are a reliable source for developing new pharmaceuticals.
KEYWORDS : Medicinal Plants, Herbal Medicines, Infectious Disease, Skin Diseases.

Paper Title

A REVIEW OF SOME MEDICAL PLANT SPECIES WITH ANTI-DIABETIC PROPERTIES

Abstract

Due to their natural origins and lack of side effects, herbal medicines have seen an exponential surge in popularity over the last several years in both developed and developing nations. Many of the ancient medicines still in use today are made from organic material, minerals, and medicinal plants.The 21,000 plants that are used as medicines worldwide are recorded by the World Health Organization (WHO). Out of these 2500 species, 150 species are utilized economically on a sizable basis in India. India, which is known as the world\'s botanical garden, is the country that produces the most medicinal plants.The present study focuses on plants and herbal medication formulations used globally to treat various chronic diseases. In many parts of the globe, the use of Ayurvedic medications is becoming more widespread among both adults and children. This essay will go through the advantages of using herbal remedies to treat diabetes.
KEYWORDS : Medicinal plant, Antidiabetic activity, Diabetes mellitus

Paper Title

AN ANALYSIS OF NANOCOMPOSITE METHODS FOR DRUG DELIVERY

Abstract

New chemical entity formulation and generic development are plagued by low water solubility. More than 40% of pharmaceutical NCEs are water-insoluble. Thus, increasing medication solubility and dissolution is necessary. Nanocomposites improved solubility and dissolving of the nearly insoluble medication. Gelatin, chitosan, polyvinyl pyrollidone, carboxymethyl cellulose, and others produce nanocomposites. Surfactant and wetting qualities determined polymer selection. Solubility tests examine medication solubility enhancement. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy analyze nanocomposites. Polymer concentration improved medication solubility and dissolution. New technology requires additives with unique qualities and improved performance. Nanocomposites are ideal for medicinal and technological developments.
KEYWORDS : Nanocomposites, polymers, synthesis

Paper Title

A DISCUSSION OF QUALITY-BY-DESIGN APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL METHODS

Abstract

QbD encompasses drug development. Drug development ensures quality. Quality by Design new medications. The FDA and most regulators are scrutinizing drug development data. Scientifically, risk-based, systematically, and aggressively approach these authorities, including the FDA. Industrial principles explain product development and manufacture, including quality rather than assessing it. QbD now uses analytical methodologies in product design and development. Product planners must create a desired product performance profile, target product profile, target product quality profile, and key quality characteristics (CQA) for quality by design. Pharmaceutical companies adopt Quality by Design. The EMA (European Medicines Agency) and ICH authorities globally embrace the idea. Industry calls them AQbD ideas.
KEYWORDS : Quality by Design, Analytical Quality By Design, Target Product Profile, Target Product Quality Profile, Analytical Target Profile.

Paper Title

A REVIEW OF THE VALUE OF EARTHWORMS FOR THE WASTE MANAGEMENT INDUSTRY AND OTHER APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Earthworms can clean many waste streams and produce organic fertilizers, according to research. Vermicomposting bioconverts trash into earthworm biomass and vermicompost. The former can be used as a protein source, while vermicompost is an excellent product because it is homogenous, has desirable aesthetics, has reduced contaminates, has plant growth hormones, higher soil enzymes, greater microbial population, and holds more nutrients over a longer period without harming the environment. Earthworms absorb heavy metals via their skin and intestines while eating organic waste and dirt. This document reviews earthworm biology, species, vermiculturing, microflora interaction, waste stabilization, vermicompost generation for plant development, and heavy metal buildup.
KEYWORDS : Vermicomposting, organic waste; earthworms

Paper Title

RECENT LITERATURE REVIEW ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE SOLUBILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS

Abstract

The phenomenon of a solid dissolving into a liquid phase to create a homogeneous system is known as solubility. One crucial factor in achieving the optimal drug concentration in the systemic circulation for pharmacological response is solubility, which is also known as bioavailability. The bioavailability and solubility of a medicine\'s drug moiety are the two main factors that determine a drug\'s therapeutic efficacy. The majority of newly discovered chemical substances are lipophilic and poorly soluble in water. More than 40% of drugs have low water solubility; therefore, new chemical entities generated in the pharmaceutical business are lipophillic and don\'t make it to market because of this. Numerous methods are now available to improve the solubility and rate of dissolution of poorly soluble medicines. The preferred solvent for liquid medicinal compositions is water. Most medications have limited water solubility and weak acidic and basic properties. In order to increase the solubility of medications that are weakly water-soluble, a variety of procedures are applied, such as micronization, chemical modification, pH adjustment, solid dispersion, complexation, co-solvency, micellar solubilization, and hydrotropy. In this review, we focused on developing innovative techniques to increase the solubility and bioavailability of medications that aren\'t very water soluble.
KEYWORDS : Solubility, Hydrotropy, Mixed hydrotropy , micronization, , co‐solvency, micellar solubilization,

Paper Title

STUDY ON METHODS TO IMPROVE THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF BCS-CLASS II MEDICATIONS

Abstract

Because of their low solubility in water, roughly forty percent of the novel chemical entities discovered by screening programs in the pharmaceutical industry have historically been unable to be produced. This is because the formulation of these substances is difficult or even impossible. The solubility concerns that are making the delivery of these new pharmaceuticals more difficult also influence the delivery of a great deal of other drugs already on the market. This page provides a short discussion of the many different methods, both standard and unique, that may be used for the purpose of increasing the solubility of BCS Class II medications. The use of co-solvents, Hydrotropy, micronization, changing the dielectric constant of the solvent, amorphous forms, chemically modifying the drug, using surfactants, inclusion complex or clathrates, changing the pH of the solvent, using hydrates or solvates, using soluble prodrugs, applying ultrasonic waves, functional polymer technology, controlled precipitation technology, and evaporative precipitation are some of the traditional techniques that have been covered in this article. Size reduction technologies, lipid-based delivery systems, micellar technologies, and porous microparticle technology are some examples of the novel drug delivery technologies that have been created in recent years with the purpose of increasing the solubility of insoluble pharmaceuticals. Brief explanations have also been given on the Solid Dispersion Technique as well as the many different kinds of solid dispersion systems.
KEYWORDS : NCE, Amorphous state, characterization, dissolution enhancement.

Paper Title

A SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF ULTRA-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR ASSESSING DRUG CONCENTRATIONS IN ALLERGY AND IMMUNE SYSTEM INTERVENTIONS

Abstract

The accurate assessment of drug concentrations is paramount in evaluating the efficacy, safety, and therapeutic outcomes of allergy and immune system interventions. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) has emerged as a promising analytical technique for the quantification of drugs due to its high sensitivity, speed, and resolution. This systematic review aims to critically evaluate the utility of UPLC in assessing drug concentrations in allergy and immune system interventions. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases to identify relevant studies published up to the present date. The search strategy included terms related to UPLC, drug concentration measurement, allergy, and immune system interventions. Studies encompassing a wide range of drug classes and intervention types were included in the analysis.
KEYWORDS : UPLC, drug, allergy, immune system.

Paper Title

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF S.POTATORUM SEEDS AGAINST BACTERIAL PATHGENS

Abstract

This study investigates the antimicrobial activity of Streptococcus and Pseudomonas strains isolated from the Palsana dairy industry. Pathogenic strains, including E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus, were utilized in well-established microbiological assays. Agar disc diffusion tests revealed significant inhibition zones, suggesting the production of antimicrobial compounds. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assays demonstrated the effectiveness of S. potatorum extracts, while Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays confirmed their ability to prevent bacterial growth. These findings highlight the potential of these strains for applications in natural preservatives or antimicrobial agents, presenting opportunities for enhancing food safety in the dairy industry.
KEYWORDS :