Paper Title

A META-ANALYSIS OF PHOTOCATALYTIC VS. ELECTROCHEMICAL APPROACHES FOR AZO DYE TREATMENT

Abstract

The widespread use of azo dyes in various industries, coupled with their persistence and toxicity, has necessitated the development of effective treatment technologies for wastewater management. Among the most promising methods are photocatalysis and electrochemical degradation, which have demonstrated significant potential in the removal of azo dyes. This meta-analysis synthesizes findings from multiple studies comparing the efficacy, environmental impact, and scalability of these two approaches for the treatment of azo dye-laden wastewater. A total of 25 studies were selected for this analysis, focusing on key parameters such as decolorization efficiency, reaction time, catalyst/electrode materials, and operational conditions. The findings suggest that photocatalysis typically offers higher decolorization rates, while electrochemical processes are more cost-effective and scalable. This paper also identifies challenges associated with both methods and proposes directions for future research.
KEYWORDS : Azo dyes, photocatalysis, electrochemical degradation, wastewater treatment, meta-analysis, decolorization efficiency, environmental impact, catalyst materials, electrode materials, scalability.

Paper Title

PHARMACOGNOSTIC, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PROSO MILLETS FOR THEIR ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PROSTATE CANCER

Abstract

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum), a resilient and nutrient-dense cereal crop, has gained attention for its potential health benefits, particularly in preventing chronic diseases such as cancer. Known for its adaptability to harsh environmental conditions and rich phytochemical composition, Proso millet is an excellent source of phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, and dietary fiber. These bioactive compounds contribute to its potent antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, which play a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress, a key factor in cancer progression. Epidemiological studies suggest that regular consumption of proso millet can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, and various types of cancer, highlighting its value as a functional food. Furthermore, Proso millet’s short growing cycle, genetic diversity, and adaptability make it a sustainable crop for enhancing food security in resource-limited regions. This study focuses on the phytochemical composition and therapeutic potential of proso millet, emphasizing its role in cancer prevention and its broader implications for public health. By leveraging the unique attributes of this ancient grain, proso millet holds promise as a cost-effective and sustainable dietary intervention for chronic disease management and global health promotion.
KEYWORDS : Proso millet, phytochemicals, antioxidants, cancer prevention, functional food.

Paper Title

A REVIEW ON POLYHERBAL ANTIACNE GEL

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that affects a large number of individuals worldwide. Despite the availability of several treatment options, many have undesirable side effects or are ineffective for all individuals. Polyherbal gels have recently gained interest as a natural and effective treatment option for acne vulgaris. These gels are made up of a combination of herbal extracts that work synergistically to target the underlying causes of acne. This review article summarizes the current research on the efficacy and safety of polyherbal gels for acne vulgaris. The article discusses these gels\' various mechanisms of action, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, which can effectively control the factors responsible for acne formation. Additionally, the review examines the tolerability and safety of polyherbal gels, highlighting their potential as a promising new treatment option for individuals with acne. Overall, the evidence suggests that polyherbal gels have the potential to offer a safe and effective treatment for acne vulgaris, with fewer side effects than traditional treatments.
KEYWORDS : Acne , Herbal, poly herbal, gel, effective, advantages, disadvantages, side effects, traditional medicine

Paper Title

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL ANTIULCER SYRUP CONTAINING PUNICA GRANATUM EXTRACT

Abstract

An ulcer is a painful open sore which observed in the surface lining or mucosa. Ulcers which also forms inflammation of the surficial layers of the organ. Ulcers are the open sore which affects the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine. Ulcers which seen in the upper part of the small intestine is called as duodenum ulcer and ulcer which affects the stomach called as stomach ulcer. The most common symptom of peptic ulcer is the abdominal pain. Peptic ulcer is the breakdown of the upper part of the small intestine or lower part of the esophagus. From many medicinal plants the several chemical compounds are also isolated which are having the anti ulcer activity. Treatment of peptic ulcer includes the pain relieve, delay ulcer recurrence and healing the ulcer. This review includes the knowledge about the some medicinal plants from the herbal medicinal plants from the herbal origin which are used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The punica granatum widely used for the antiulcer activity. The powder of Punica granatum was extracted by doing the decoction method. The decoction of the punica granatum leaves was evaluated by the aid neutralizing capacity.
KEYWORDS : 1] Causes:- 2] Symptom:- 3] Diagnosis :- 4] Treatment:- 5] Some basic steps used for preparation:-

Paper Title

REVIEW ON POLYHERBAL ANTIFUNGAL SOAP

Abstract

Fungal skin infections, including conditions like athlete’s foot, ringworm, and candidiasis, are prevalent worldwide, often leading to discomfort and social stigma. While antifungal medications are widely available, concerns about their side effects have sparked interest in alternative treatments. Polyherbal formulations—combinations of multiple medicinal herbs—offer a promising natural remedy with fewer side effects. This review article explores the formulation and evaluation of antifungal polyherbal soaps, which combine various plant-based antifungal agents into a single, easy-to-use product. The review covers the selection of herbs with antifungal properties, the soap formulation process, testing methods for antifungal activity, and the challenges in ensuring stability, efficacy, and safety. The potential for polyherbal soaps to serve as effective, natural alternatives to synthetic antifungal treatments is discussed, with a focus on the latest research and technological advancements.
KEYWORDS : Antifungal, polyherbal, soap formulation, herbal extracts, skin care, fungal infections, evaluation, natural remedies.

Paper Title

IMPACT OF ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS

Abstract

The study aimed to assess the quality of life in breast cancer patients who had undergone adjuvant chemotherapy. Data from a registry were used to recruit a sample of breast cancer patients (N = 61, average age = 51.6 years) who had completed adjuvant chemotherapy 3 to 36 months prior (average = 15.87 months). An age-matched comparison group of women without a history of cancer (N = 59, average age = 51.5 years) was also recruited using a peer nomination procedure. Both groups were asked to complete surveys that included the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The goal was to examine whether breast cancer patients previously treated with chemotherapy had reduced quality of life compared to their peers and to explore demographic and medical factors that may contribute to variations in their quality of life. As hypothesized, the post-chemotherapy group scored lower than the non-cancer comparison group on the CES-D and six of the eight subscales of the SF-36, including the physical component summary scale (p < 0.05). Younger age and unmarried status were linked to poorer mental well-being and higher levels of depressive symptoms (p < 0.05). The time since cancer diagnosis and completion of chemotherapy was also associated with greater depressive symptoms (p < 0.05). However, none of the demographic or medical variables had a significant relationship with physical well-being (p > 0.05). Breast cancer survivors treated with adjuvant chemotherapy face challenges in various aspects of life, particularly in mental health, following their treatment. Demographic and medical factors can explain variations in mental but not physical quality of life outcomes. These results underscore the importance of developing interventions to enhance the quality of life for breast cancer patients who have undergone adjuvant chemotherapy.
KEYWORDS : Effects of chemotherapy, Sleep, anxiety, Depression, Quality of life

Paper Title

FROM RESEARCH TO REALITY: THE DEVELOPMENT OF EVIDENCE BASED NURSING WORKFORCE STRATEGY

Abstract

Nursing, at its core, is an occupation grounded in the dedication to patient welfare and the application of expertise vital to their care. Evidence Based Practice on the other hand is the consensus use of the best available evidence gained from the scientific method to make decisions related to the most beneficial health care for patients. Nurses aren\'t always applying the best available knowledge to patient care due to various barriers- due to various barriers, leading to potential suboptimal patient outcomes; this is often called the \"research-practice gap\". The core components of evidence-based practice are: best available evidence, clinical expertise,patient preferences and values. The basic steps to implement evidence-based practice are ask a clinical question, find the best evidence, critically appraise the evidence, integrate the evidence, evaluate clinical outcomes and disseminate results. Transitioning to a model of evidence-based practice can require substantial shifts in routine, mindset, and collaboration across a team of healthcare professionals or entire health care organization and can even require a systematic review of operations. To develop an evidence-based nursing workforce, a strategic approach should focus on fostering a culture of inquiry, providing robust education on evidence-based practice (EBP) methodologies, empowering nurses to access and critically appraise research, facilitating implementation of research findings into practice, and continuously evaluating the impact of EBP initiatives, all while actively engaging leadership support and creating opportunities for collaboration across the healthcare team. Four conditions have to be met if nurses are to implement research. These are; nurses must have the necessary knowledge, skill and attitudes, be able to overcome barriers to implementation, support for innovation must be available, innovation must be valued and rewarded.
KEYWORDS : Evidence Based Practice, Research-practice gap, Ask a clinical question, Find the best evidence, Critically appraise the evidence, Integrate the evidence, Evaluate clinical outcomes, Disseminate results.

Paper Title

REVIEW ON VITAMIN C SERIUM FOR THE HYPERPIGMENTATION

Abstract

Hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition characterized by darkened areas of the skin due to excess melanin production. Vitamin C, a potent antioxidant, is widely used in skincare for its ability to brighten the skin and reduce the appearance of hyperpigmentation. It works by inhibiting melanin production, promoting collagen synthesis, and neutralizing free radicals, which can contribute to skin damage. Vitamin C serums are popular for treating sunspots, melasma, and other forms of hyperpigmentation. However, while Vitamin C can significantly lighten dark spots and even skin tone, its effectiveness depends on the formulation, concentration, and consistent use. These abstract highlights the role of Vitamin C in addressing hyperpigmentation, its mechanisms of action, and factors that influence its efficacy in treating uneven skin tone.
KEYWORDS : Here are some key terms related to hyperpigmentation and vitamin C serums: 1. Hyperpigmentation 2. Vitamin C serum 3. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) 4. Skin irritation 5. Melanin production

Paper Title

EVALUATION OF SYNERGISTIC POTENTIAL OF COMBINED EXTRACTS OF APPLE PEEL AND GOLDENSEAL ROOT EXTRACT

Abstract

The study investigates the combined effects of apple peel and goldenseal root extracts as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Aqueous and methanolic extracts were found to be the most potent, so two combinations were prepared: methanol combined extracts and aqueous combined extracts. These were used for antioxidant assays such as DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS assay, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and peroxynitrite bleaching of Pyrogallol red. Additionally, antimicrobial assays, including disc diffusion methods, were conducted against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The study aims to evaluate the synergistic potential of these combined extracts.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES DURING RUNNING AMONG MARATHON RUNNERS IN SELECTED REGIONS OF MAHARASHTRA IN VIEW TO DEVELOP THE INFORMATION BOOKLET

Abstract

Health and fitness as an invention presently drive India’s metropolitan market. Publics are now prepared to expend a rational quantity of their money going to the gym, health devices such as Fit bit and much more. Running actions or we can say Marathon events are now a day’s more and more popular in India, especially in Metropolitan cities. Marathons and also difficult races like the Devil Circuit and iron man races are a huge success in India. The number of professional athletes in India who trained year-round to participate in marathons is increasing at a rate of three times a year. Running is a popular activity among the many professionals and the general public due to its health advantages as well as its practicality and low cost.
KEYWORDS : Body mass index, WHO:- World health Organization. ECG:- Electrocardiogram

Paper Title

A QUASI EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RELAXATION TECHNIQUES ON LEVEL OF CARE BURDEN AMONG PARENTS OF THALASSEMIA CHILDREN IN SELECTED HOSPITAL OF DIST. MOHALI (PUNJAB)

Abstract

Thalassemia is a chronic, inherited blood disorder that requires lifelong medical care, including regular blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy. Parents of children with thalassemia face immense stress due to the demands of lifelong treatment. Relaxation techniques like deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and meditation can help reduce anxiety and improve well-being. While proven effective in other caregiver groups, their impact on thalassemia parents remains underexplored.
KEYWORDS : Thalassemia as a Chronic Condition, Relaxation Technique, Care Burden on Parents, support program

Paper Title

A PRE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME THROUGH PAMPHLET IN TERMS OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING FOOT CARE AMONG TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING OPD OF SELECTED HOSPITALS OF GANDHINAGAR DISTRICT, GUJARAT STATE

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, which can lead to various complications, including those affecting the feet. Type II diabetes, the most common form of the disease, is associated with neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and impaired wound healing, making foot care a critical aspect of diabetes management. Studies indicate that poor foot care practices, lack of awareness, and delayed medical intervention significantly contribute to the high incidence of foot-related complications. This study aims to assess the knowledge, practices, and challenges related to foot care among Type II diabetic patients attending the OPD of selected hospitals. It also seeks to identify gaps in patient education and healthcare services to propose strategies for better diabetic foot care management.
KEYWORDS : Type II diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with long-term complications, Outpatient Departments (OPD) in Foot Care Management,

Paper Title

POLYHERBAL HAIR CONDITIONERS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF INGREDIENTS, BENEFITS, AND APPLICATIONS

Abstract

As natural substitutes for traditional hair care products, polyherbal hair conditioners—which blend several plant-based extracts—are gaining popularity. Known for their numerous advantages in supporting healthy hair, these formulas frequently contain components like henna, shikakai, amla, brahmi, henna, and aloe vera. These products are free of artificial chemicals and provide benefits like promoting hair development, lowering dandruff, enhancing moisture retention, and shielding hair from harm. This review discusses the main components, prospective benefits, drawbacks, and future of herbal hair care in order to assess the efficacy of polyherbal conditioners.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

FORMULATION OF HONEY AND OATMEAL SOOTHING CREAM

Abstract

Honey and oatmeal have been traditionally used for their soothing and moisturizing properties, making them potential ingredients for a topical cream to alleviate skin irritations. This review article discusses the formulation of a honey and oatmeal soothing cream, including the key benefits, formulation considerations, and stability testing. The article aims to provide a comprehensive guide for manufacturers and researchers interested in developing a natural and effective soothing cream.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL EMULGEL FOR ANTI ULCER

Abstract

The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a herbal extract for its potential anti-ulcer activity. An emerged was prepared using a mixture of herbal extracts, including Aloe vera, Licorice, and Turmeric, which have been traditionally used for their anti-inflammatory and ulcer-healing properties. The formulated gel was evaluated for its physicochemical properties, such as pH, viscosity, and spread ability. The anti-ulcer activity of the emerged was assessed using the aspirin-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. The results showed that the herbal extract exhibited significant anti-ulcer activity, reducing the ulcer index by 71.4% compared to the control group. The formulation also showed good physicochemical properties, indicating its potential for topical application. Histopathological examination of the stomach tissue revealed that the ulcer treated group had reduced inflammation and ulceration. These findings suggest that the herbal extract has potential as a topical treatment for gastric ulcers, and further studies are warranted to explore its clinical applications.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL SUNSCREEN CREAM

Abstract

Sunburn is caused by ultraviolet B radiation but ultraviolet A may be more damaging to the skin. Sunscreen should ideally block both wavebands. The aim of this study was to develop herbal topical sunscreen formulation based on some fixed oils, in combination with some herbal powder. Regular use of sunscreen reduces the development of actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Sunscreen is also known as sunblock lotion; the product that absorbs or reflect the sun’s ultraviolet radiation and protect the skin. The increasing incidence of skin cancers and photo damaging effects caused by ultraviolet radiation has increased the use of sun screening agents, which have shown beneficial effects in reducing the symptoms. Sun screening agents should be safe chemically, inert, non-irritating nontoxic, photo stable and able to provide complete protection to the skin against damage from solar radiation.
KEYWORDS : Herbal Sunscreen, SPF(sun protection factor),skin burn.

Paper Title

FORMULATION OF HERBAL HAIR DYE

Abstract

This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a herbal hair dye using natural plant extracts as an alternative to synthetic hair dyes. The herbal hair dye was prepared using a combination of plant extracts, including Lawsonia inermis (Henna), Emblica officinalis (Amla), Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi). The formulation was evaluated for its physical and chemical properties, color intensity, and stability. The results showed that the herbal hair dye exhibited good color intensity and stability, with minimal side effects. The natural ingredients used in the formulation also provided nourishment and protection to the hair. This study demonstrates the potential of herbal hair dyes as a natural and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic hair dyes.
KEYWORDS :

Paper Title

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH TRENDS ON PLANNED TEACHING INTERVENTIONS FOR REHABILITATIVE TECHNIQUES IN PHANTOM PAIN MANAGEMENT AMONG AMPUTEES

Abstract

Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a debilitating condition affecting amputees globally. Rehabilitation techniques, such as mirror therapy and range-of-motion (ROM) exercises, have proven effective in alleviating phantom pain. This study employs a bibliometric approach to analyze global research trends on planned teaching programs that equip nursing officers with essential skills for implementing these interventions. Using advanced tools like Biblioshiny and VOSviewer, this analysis explores publication trends, citation networks, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic clusters. Bibliometric techniques, including keyword mapping, co-citation networks, and thematic clustering, are applied to identify influential works and emerging trends. The findings emphasize the importance of structured educational interventions and highlight areas requiring further exploration to optimize patient outcomes.
KEYWORDS : Phantom limb pain, Range of motion exercises, Visualization of similarities, Preferred reporting items for systemic review and meta-analysis, bibliometric technique

Paper Title

OPTIMIZATION OF POLYMER BASED TRANSDERMAL PATCHES FOR ENHANCED DELIVERY OF POORLY WATER-SOLUBLE DRUGS

Abstract

The development of polymer based transdermal patches offers a promising approach for the enhanced delivery of poor water soluble drugs, addressing the limitations of conventional oral dosage forms, such as poor bioavailability and extensive first pass metabolism. The goal of this research is to optimize transdermal patches for the regulated and effective distribution of medications that are not particularly water soluble by choosing the right polymers and creating an adequate drug matrix. A range of hydrophilic and lipophilic polymers, such as Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), Ethyl Cellulose, and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC), were assessed for their ability to penetrate the skin and release drugs. In order to increase the drug\'s solubility and permeability across the skin barrier, the formulation procedure included the use of solvents, plasticisers, and penetration enhancers. For the transdermal patches to maintain constant quality and function, their physical characteristics such as thickness, homogeneity, medication content, and folding endurance were assessed. To evaluate the release kinetics, cumulative drug release was tracked over time in in vitro drug release experiments utilising a Franz diffusion cell. The results indicated that the patches formulated with HPMC and Ethyl Cellulose exhibited a more sustained release profile, with zero order kinetics, compared to other formulations. Permeation studies using excised rat skin demonstrated a significant enhancement in the transdermal flux of the drug, with formulations containing HPMC showing the highest flux rates. The stability of the developed patches was assessed under accelerated storage conditions, and the formulations were found to be stable, with no significant degradation of the drug or change in physical properties. The study demonstrates that optimizing the combination of polymers, excipients, and penetration enhancers can efficiently enhance the administration of medications that are not very soluble in water.
KEYWORDS : Polymer Optimization, Drug Delivery, Skin Permeation, Transdermal Patches, PVA etc

Paper Title

A GROWING EPIDEMIC-RELATED CATASTROPHE IN KOZHIKODE- NIPAH

Abstract

The Nipah virus (NiV), a paramyxovirus in the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae, is the culprit behind the zoonotic infection known as Nipah (pronounced \"nee-pa\"). It is a pathogen with a level 4 biosafety rating that is spread by particular species of fruit bats, primarily Pteropus spp., who serve as natural reservoir hosts. In 1998, the Malaysian town of Kampung Sungai Nipah became the first to report the illness. Transmission from person to person also happens. There have also been reports of outbreaks in other South and Southeast Asian nations. Based on the entire N and G gene sequences that are now available, phylogenetic analysis confirmed that there are two primary clades of NiV that are in circulation. In the NiV-MY clade, NiV isolates from Malaysia and Cambodia grouped together, whereas the NiV-BD clade included isolates from Bangladesh and India.
KEYWORDS : Nipah virus (NiV), bats, diagnosis, encephalitis, epidemiology, pathology, prevention, control, vaccines, therapeutics, zoonotic.

Paper Title

FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET FROM THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION WITH A MARKETED DRUG

Abstract

This study involved formulation development and evaluation of immediate-release tablets made from Tinospora cordifolia stem extract methanolic extract to determine its immunomodulatory properties. Soxhlet extraction produced a 19.41% yield of methanolic extract which demonstrates methanol extract bioactive compounds efficiently. Three super disintegrants including Croscarmellose Sodium (CCS) and Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) together with Crospovidone (CP) were utilized as excipients at concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6% in nine different formulations (F1–F9). The optimized formulation (F3) exhibited remarkable mechanical strengths through its measured hardness range between 6.8 kg/cm² to 7.4 kg/cm² along with a minimum friability of 1% to ensure tablet stability during storage and distribution. The disintegration time for F3 proved the fastest among all formulations because it required just 8.25 minutes. The drug release time reached its minimum point when measured at F3 (13 seconds). All prepared formulations exhibited drug content uniformity standards between 98.12% and 99.12% which indicates consistent delivery of medication. The stability assessment showed no detrimental changes in the physical characteristics during 60-day testing periods. The optimized Tinospora cordifolia IR tablet (F3) showed better dissolution performance along with faster disintegration times than the standard commercial product therefore establishing itself as an effective treatment option. The experimental data shows that Tinospora cordifolia extract holds promise for developing optimized immune-supporting drug formulations.
KEYWORDS : Tinospora cordifolia, Immediate-release tablet, Methanolic extract, Super disintegrants