Paper Title

EFFECTIVENESS OF WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN POLITICS

Abstract

Women face violence inside and outside the family throughout their lives. Most women in India have very little say in decisions affecting their own lives. The cumulative effect of all this is that women tend to lack the self-confidence and skills needed to function effectively in the public sphere. . The under representation of women and absence of women from positions of power and decision-making reinforces their exploitation and deprivation. It is in this context that women’s greater political representation become more necessary. The Indian Constitution guarantees to all women the fundamental right to equality(Article 14) and equal voting rights and political participation to both men and women. As reflected in the Preamble, the Indian Constitution is firmly grounded in the principles of liberty, fraternity, equality and justice and contains a number of provisions for the empowerment of women. The political rights of women are recognized without any discrimination, or distinction and they have the right to participate in decision making at all levels equally with men. The right to constitutional equality has been supplemented by legal equality by the passage of a number of Acts through which the traditional inequalities in respect ofmarriage, divorce and propertyrights are sought to be eliminated. However, in spite of these constitutional and legal provisions, the ground reality is that women have not obtained adequate and proportionate representation in the legislative and other decision making. Along with this the importance of women’s economic independence, education and awareness and their improvement in the socio economic sphere can hardly be stressed. The restructuring of gender relations within both the family and society is an equally important step towards freedom, equality and justice.
KEYWORDS : Women,politics,gender, participation,history,legislative,Indian constitution

Paper Title

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO

Abstract

The principle objective of this research is to analyse and design a multi-storeyed building)] using STAAD Pro. The design involves load calculations and analyzing the whole structure by STAAD Pro. The design methods used in STAAD-Pro analysis are Limit State Design conforming to Indian Standard Code of Practice. STAAD.Pro features a state-of-the-art user interface, visualization tools, powerful analysis and design engines with advanced finite element and dynamic analysis capabilities. Initially we started with the analysis of simple 2 dimensional frames and manually checked the accuracy of the software with our results. The results proved to be very accurate. We analysed and designed a G + 3 storey building [2-D Frame] initially for all possible load combinations [dead, live, wind loads and seismic loads]. We considered a building at PENAMALURU SITE, in which the structure was designed for stlit+5 floors. The total site area was 1500 sq.yds. Setbacks are provided to the structure. Set back of 5m on north, 7m on east, 3m on south, 4m on west were provided. Each floor consists of 5 flats. The structure was subjected to self-weight, dead load, live load, and wind load under the load case details of STAAD.Pro. The wind load values were generated by STAAD.Pro considering the given wind intensities at different heights and strictly abiding by the specifications of IS 875. The materials were specified and cross-sections of the beam and column members were assigned. The supports at the base of the structure were also specified as fixed. The codes of practise to be followed were also specified for design purpose with other important details. Then STAAD.Pro was used to analyse the structure and design the members. In the post-processing mode, after completion of the design, we can work on the structure and study the bending moment and shear force values with the generated diagrams. We may also check the deflection of various members under the given loading combinations. The design of the building is dependent upon the minimum requirements as prescribed in the Indian Standard Codes. The minimum requirements pertaining to the structural safety of buildings are being covered by way of laying down minimum design loads which have to be assumed for dead loads, imposed loads, and other external loads, the structure would be required to bear. Strict conformity to loading standards recommended in this code, it is hoped, will ensure the structural safety of the buildings which are being designed. Structure and structural elements were normally designed by Limit State Method. Complicated and high-rise structures need very time taking and cumbersome calculations using conventional manual methods. STAAD.Pro provides us a fast, efficient, easy to use and accurate platform for analysing and designing structures.
KEYWORDS : STAAD.Pro, G+4 storey, ISI

Paper Title

STUDY AND EVOLUTION OF WOMEN COMMUNITY GOVERNANCE PARTICIPATION OF RURAL INDIGENOUS

Abstract

Present article sketches out major issues related to health, social, cultural, and economic wellbeing of the women. Most prevailing problems are related to malnutrition, sociality, sanitation, shelter, education, and livelihood, cultural and economic development in modern human ecological system A survey, focus groups, participant observation, and adaptive collaborative management methods are among the tools used throughout a two-year time. period. Researchers discovered that men make up the majority of harvesters for eight different forest products, women make up the majority of product sellers and have some influence on household income. A majority of men and women believe that women participate in decision-making, but that participation was of low efficacy. Women face significant obstacles to effective participation in forest decision-making in the community: weak community organization, pressure by spouses, difficulty organizing among themselves and informal sanctions. Improving meaningful participation of women in decision-making requires addressing challenges and obstacles at multiple levels; obstacles at the communal level, where the future of the forests will be decided, cannot be overcome without attention to the household
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