Paper Title

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETENCE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Abstract

This paper discusses the interaction between language and literature in the achievement of competence among learners of English as a second language. It emphasizes the benefits of interdisciplinary synergy between language and literature in the concretization of knowledge. The paper shows the different ways in which topics in language can re-enforce the learning and understanding of literature and vice versa. It also discusses the extent to which the knowledge of literature supports vocabulary development, creativity in language use, competence in speech and discourse and essay writing. It argues that the mastery of the phonology of English facilitates the understanding of sound devices in literature. It calls on teachers of English to adopt a pragmatic approach to the teaching of language and literature such that literature teaching complements the understanding of language while language teaching complements the understanding of literature.
KEYWORDS : Language, Literature, learners, second language, phonology.

Paper Title

ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSE (ESP)

Abstract

After the end of the Second World War in 1945, English became the accepted international language of technology and commerce. As most of the trade and most of the business were dealt mostly in English. It created a new generation of learners who need English to keep up with developments in their fields. They are businessmen, technocrats, doctors, mechanics, waiters, tour guides, translators etc. These factors led to the emergence of the teaching of English for Specific Purposes in late 1960s. What is ESP?.According to the definition of ESP said by Tom Hutchinson and Alan Waters ESP is an approach to language teaching in which all decisions as to content and methods are based on learners’ reasons for learning. And according to Mohan ESP is that area of English language teaching which focuses on preparing learners “for chosen communicative environments”. ESP simply means teaching and learning English for a very specific goal rather than for a very general or broad purpose. Absolute characteristic of ESP are: 1) designed to meet the specific needs of the learners, 2) must be related to descipline it serves in terms of methodology, 3) it is a language course and must be taught by a language teacher. 4) designed for the adults mostly not for the beginners. Classifications of ESP are two types they are English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Occupational Purposes (EOP). Learning English for the specific academic needs is known as English for Academic Purposes(EAP). Examples are: Medical purposes (students), Legal purposes, Science and Technology, Finance and Economics etc. English for Occupational Purpose (EOP) is learning English for the specific needs in your occupation. Examples are : Medical purpose(Doctors), Business purposes, Vocational and Pre-Vocational etc. The purpose of an ESP course is to enable learners to function adequately in target situation. Thus an ESP program should be Aim directed, Learner directed and Situation directed. An ESP course must contain three features they are: 1) Authentic Material 2) Purpose-Related Orientation and 3) Self-Direction. ESP is specially designed for the adult learners. When we deal with ESP there are certain branches, certain areas, certain vocations where there is need of English keeping in mind those points the curriculum is being designed.
KEYWORDS : Commutative environments, descipline, methodology, authentic Material, purpose-related orientation, self-direction

Paper Title

TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS IN ENGLISH

Abstract

Phobia to speak in English is the major problem of many students of Rural India. After studying for fifteen years in different classes students are unable to acquire English speaking skills. Where is that lapse? It’s very common that even after completion of their graduation most of the students fail to speak in English. Though they could learn to read and write to some extent, fail to acquire speaking skills. It is common feature in many schools that many teachers though they are good in their subject, are unable to speak in English and often they turn to mother tongue while teaching. There are many friends from Muslim community. They speak Urdu and Telugu the state language with the same authority. Telugu will be taught in Schools when they join the school after attaining five years of age. But before entering the school they will be able to speak in both the languages. As my native place is adjacent to Karnataka many of my friends use to speak Telugu and Kannada equally well. But these friends did not learn Kannada in any school. But when need arises they could express their ideas in both the languages without any hesitation. One can find the same experience with Telugu and Tamil in Tamilnadu borders. To our surprise some students speak Telugu, Marathi, Kannada and Urdu clearly even in their early age before going to school. A question arises when these students are capable to learn languages so easily and so quickly, why they fail in learning and speaking English. Most of the students have been studying English since their elementary level but fail to speak in English. This it clearly shows that somewhere the way English language imparted in the class room and the methodology used could not meet the purpose. The purpose of my paper is to explain where the focus should be to improve the speaking skills of the students. I will also discuss the areas to be improved in present methodology in teaching English to inculcate speaking skills in the students.
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Paper Title

SOCIAL REALISM IN KAMALA MARKANDAYA’S NOVEL A HANDFUL OF RICE

Abstract

Indian writing in English is unique and has attained an independent status in the realm of the world literature. Wide range of themes is dealt within the Indian writing in English. Kamala Markandaya’s is one of the most important woman novelists of India. Her novels depict Indian social reality at the time of pre and post Independent periods of India. Her novels deal with social aspects, cultural and religious exploitation of Indians. Her works highlight and expose the bitter social and political reality. It is the fact that Kamala Markandaya’s novels can be studied at several levels, but this research article focuses on the Social Realism in her novel A Handful of Rice.
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Paper Title

SHARANKUMAR LIMBALE’S HINDU: AN ANECDOTE OF THE CHAOTIC INDIAN SOCIETY

Abstract

This paper depicts the atrocities endured by Dalits at the hands of the elite Caste Hindus. Sharankumar Limbale‟s Hindu is a timeless creation because factors such as socio- economic and socio-political issues are still prevalent which is imperative in any society but have become the basis for subjugation and domination of last rung of the people. The paper tries to find the commonalities of the issues present in the text juxtaposing with the condition prevailing in our society. The paper deal with how the stigma of untouchability is still prevailing in our society by depicting numerous incidents from Limbale‟sHindu.
KEYWORDS : Dalit, Conspiracy, Revolution, Cultural Identity, Egalitarianism.

Paper Title

COMPUTER ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING

Abstract

This article is about CALL(computer assisted language learning) and MALL(Mobile assisted Language Learning).Through CALL and MALL ,learners can easily adapt the new language which they are aimed to learn.
KEYWORDS : CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning), MALL(Mobile Assisted Language Learning),

Paper Title

EXIGENCY OF VALUES-ROLE OF LITERATURE

Abstract

Human values empower individuals. Education and human values are interdependent and interconnected. Education devoid of values is a menace to society. Even though we are passing through an era of outstanding advancement, we come across an erosion of values in our society. Man\'s Wisdom has been affected by vested interests, narrow mindedness, egotism and other various deterrent variables. Human values like Love and Compassion, empathy, brotherhood, honesty, truthfulness, respect etc.., are swiftly declining. Consequently the cherished goals of our sacred Constitution are in peril. At this juncture the roles of school, teacher and society need to be revamped and redesigned. The structure of curriculum need to be modelled in consonance with the changing needs. The Role of Literature in promoting values among young minds is paramount.
KEYWORDS : Human Values, Education and values, Erosion of values, cherished goals, sacred Constitution, Role of literature

Paper Title

MOBILE ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING (MALL)

Abstract

In last few years methods of learning and teaching have significantly improved and changed because of the advancement in technology and it became e-learning. Due to technological developments world has become a small place to get access to anything, anytime, anywhere with a mobile in our hands. We are the generation who are living in an era of the most technologically advanced world in the history of mankind. Mobile assisted language learning is the method where people use their handheld mobiles to learn language by means of wireless technology and wireless communication, because of this method the user can get content or information from all over the world which is very useful for enhancing one’s own skills. Mobile assisted language learning is an alternative approach to language teaching, in this paper you will know about the advantages, disadvantages of MALL and latest advancements in language teaching and what is the reason behind people’s interest in this alternative method
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Paper Title

TECHNOLOGY&ENHANCED TEACHING & LEARNING

Abstract

The aim of the present paper is to discuss the innovative use of technology enhanced and teaching (TETL) process or in other words it also called as Information and communication technologies (ICT) which make complex processes easier to understand through simulations that again contribute to authentic learning environment. Traditional teaching methodologies based on static material or master classes are not always the best approach to promote learning.Thus, TETL or ICT may function as a facilitator of active learning and higher order thinking. The integration of information and communication technologies can help reinvigorate teachers and students. This can help to improve and develop the quality of education by providing curricular support in difficult subject areas. Teachers generate meaningful and engorging learning experiences for their students, strategically using TETL to enhance learning students enjoy learning and theindependent enquiry which provides innovative and appropriate use of TETL to adopt ICT classroom instruction, student and teachers can learn to practice various ICT skills and its benefits through effective use of this technology.This innovative approach has potentiality to adopt to the student\'s instructional needs in the classroom situation. Teachers need to adopt technology as an integrated tool in the field of education. So a teacher may be called as a, “Teaching Technician” as the students need not depend only on his teachers always. Education means to draw out facilitating realization of self- potential and talents of an individual . It is an application of pedagogy, a body of theoretical and applied research relating to teaching to teaching and learning. The future is isn\'t digital and technology is just a tool.The world is becoming more interconnected, the environment in becoming less stable, and technology is continuously altering our relationship to information. Changing global conditions demand that we rethink what, but even more important, how and where we learn. Technology Enhanced learning, active learning, e-assessment, pedagogical models, innovative teaching technologies. ,
KEYWORDS : Technology, Learning, pedagogical models, innovative technologies

Paper Title

THE GREAT GATSBY - A ROMANTIC AMERICAN TRAGEDY A REVIEW

Abstract

The Great Gatsby, the magnum opus of Scott Fitzgerald, was a master piece and better than any other American work of fiction since Golden Bowl. The Great Gatsby has drawn a universal human characteristic like William Shakespeare, who called life a stage and all men and women the players. In the novel Fitzgerald successfully depicted the representative image of American life of 20th century and it is one of the most concise and compressed great novels in any language. T.S. Eliot commented “I am not in the least influenced by your remark about myself when I say it has interested and excited me more than any new novel I have seen, either English or American, for a number of years. In fact it seems to me to be the first step that American fiction has taken since Henry James”.
KEYWORDS : The Great Gatsby- Magnum Opus- Universal Characterization- American Life of 20 th Century-Contemporary Society Morality- American Literature – Precisely Presented Plot-One of itsmaster piece- It is, by all odds- Fitzgerald’s most perfect novel.

Paper Title

COLLABORATION OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS IN REAL TIME USING TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

Now-a-days, technology has become an important instrument in the methods of both teaching and learning. It has got many uses in education which in turn has created more educational opportunities for everyone.Both teachers and students have benefited using various educational technologies since it creates interest to use technology. Technology enhanced learning is used as a communication tool also for schools, colleges, administrations, etc. Students and teachers can collaborate in real time using advanced educational technologies like Chegg, Quora, etc. In fact, the usage of technology (i.e. internet) ensures that teachers and students can get much more information about the subject topics than they ever think. By using the apps, it is possible to study in online without depending on books which in turn can save lot of money, and of course trees also. Various available applications for online teaching and learning are: BYJU’S, UDEMMY, UDICTIONARY, QUIZ APPS, ONLINE DICTIONARIES, JAVA T POINT, W3SCHOOLS, etc. In the end, the technology can made this world a “global village”. Technology also gives both fun and knowledge to the kids. Teachers can publish their ideas on classroom blogs or they assign class work via email, and this gives a student time to study on their own without fear. Teachers use educational puzzles and video games to teach students how to solve different academic challenges, and all this processes make students learn easily. The use of computers in the classroom has helped many students in learning how to write sentences and paragraphs. Computers help student’s to auto-correct spelling errors and also correct their grammar in a sentence while taking notes.
KEYWORDS : Technology; Administration; Knowledge; Dictionaries

Paper Title

DIFFERENT METHODOLOGIES TO TEACH ENGLISH LITERATURE

Abstract

Basically, Teaching must include two major components sending and receiving information. This paper analyses the innovative and quite interesting methods we have in teaching English language. We may have a number of teaching methods in between traditional and modern. Everybody has their own understanding and conclusions on teaching English language. But this paper portrays combining this two types how we can make our teaching very effective. We have been completely bounded with traditional methods of teaching and understanding where the present day learners felt uncomfortable a bit. Learner’s mind will never be static it is ever growing and ever changing. Whatever the teaching methodology can be, but teaching must be leaner’s centred. However, this paper scrutinizes the difference between traditional and practical teaching and thereafter learning. This treatise practically examines that how learners are being affected by the traditional methods of teaching as well, besides it has portrayed that how learners expect teaching and learning process. There has been a misunderstanding between traditional methods and practical methods always. Somehow teachers and learners should agree eachother in order to fill the gap between the generations of these methods.
KEYWORDS : Renaissance, orthodo, integral, inquisitive, agitated, jeopardizing, immerse, atmosphere, intuitively, evaluated, database, anagrams, hangman, elocutions, tedious, precautions.

Paper Title

EXTENSIVE READING IN THE SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOM

Abstract

The present paper was directed in perceiving how materials created for a specific reason for existing were being utilized in the study classroom. The researcher felt that the best possible execution of the materials, for this situation for a broad perusing program, would profit students. The other factor that was investigated was instructor convictions and practices, which the analyst felt had extensive ramifications for the second language classroom. So as to do this, the examination was partitioned into two sections. To begin with, to find out instructor convictions, an overview was led with educators who were thought to speak to certain instructors of English in secondary schools at Basrah. In the second piece of the investigation - held at the same time - an extensive reading (ER) program was led in an ESL classroom. This was directed with an accomplice, who is an instructor in the school. Her association implied including a partner and getting her recognitions as an insider about the students. The examination was subsequently directed to see the result of an ER program when executed as an enhancement to the continuous course. Students were urged to read on their own ‘for pleasure’ and at their own pace.
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Paper Title

DEVELOPING READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS FOR STUDENTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS MANAGEMENT

Abstract

The present paper attempts to enhance the reading comprehension skills of the learners at the Technical Institute in Basrah by using culture-based texts. The study aims to analyze and understand the problems of the learners in reading and understanding English. To carry out this study, the Material department has been chosen. The study proposes that using culture-based texts at diploma students will help the learners to develop their reading comprehension skills in English.
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Paper Title

DEVELOPING SPOKEN FLUENCY FOR STUDENTS OF ARAB GULF ACADEMY FOR MARITIME STUDIES

Abstract

Speaking is critical to a person\'s living procedure and maybe it is the most normal approach to speak with others. It is an intelligent procedure of making implying that comprises delivering, getting and handling data. Frequently, the capacity to speak is considered as the measure for knowing a specific language. \"For the vast majority, the capacity to speak a language is synonymous with realizing that language since discourse is the most essential methods for human correspondence\" (Lazaraton, 2001: 103). A speaker of a specific language is frequently decided by his/her capacity to talk with others, significantly more than the capacity to read, write, or grasp oral language. J. C. Richards and W. A. Renandya (2003) report that a huge level of the world\'s language students studies English to create capability in speaking. The paper in hand, investigate how it can be enhancing speaking performance of students of first levels at Arab Gulf Academy for Maritime Studies in city of Basrah, Iraq.
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