Paper Title

A CASE STUDY ON PARKING AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN HIGH DENSED URBAN CORRIDORS

Abstract

The number of vehicles is increasing at an alarming rate in the urban areas. The commercialization of the area is also happening at a fast rate. The investment on roads and for parking facilities have not kept in pace with these growing traffic leading to congestion and accidents. The propensity to own private vehicles and the necessity for their use has generated huge parking demand in metropolitan cities. Almost all the metropolitan cities are experiencing increased problems related to parking. With the rapid increase of cars the need to find available parking space in the most efficient manner, to avoid traffic congestion in a parking area, is becoming a necessity in \'car park management\'. Many cities in the developing world are rapidly growing and the economic patterns of the people living in these cities in changing. With these changes there is a need for these cities to stay up to the mark in providing the mobility facilities or in other words meet the needs of mobility for the citizens. Often city officials presume that the providing of more parking spaces for the citizens means meeting the mobility needs. On the contrary, every car that is on the road needs a place to be parked. It is a key issue in almost all urban areas. One of the problems created by road traffic is \'parking\'. Not only do vehicles require street space to move about, but also they do require space to park where the occupants can be loaded and unloaded. The period over which a car is parked is very great compared with the time it is in motion. The size of average parking is 14m2. It is roughly estimated that out of 8760 hours in a year, the car runs on an average for only 400 hours, leaving 8360 hours when it is parked. Every car owner wish to park their car as closely as possible to his destination so as to minimize walking. Cars take up space when they are moving but for an average of 23 hours of the day they are parked, and if they were to be used for all journeys then they would need a parking space at both ends of every trip – so many spaces are required for every car. A parked car takes up around 8 square meters when parked and often the same again in maneuvering space – a huge amount in dense urban areas where land is expensive. Often, cars get more space to park than humans have to live in! The above mentioned reason justifies the need for having a parking management system. More focus needs to be devoted towards better public transport and non-motorized transportation. Parking needs to be used as a demand management tool. Transportation experts recognized that \'Parking\' is a critical component of Transportation Policy and Management as it effects travel behavior, safety, economic development, revenue, land use, traffic congestion and air quality etc. \'Parking management\' refers to various policies and programs that result in more efficient use of parking resources. In the present study, problems with current parking practices are studied with the parking accumulation and supply survey in \"Kothapet to T.V. tower\" corridor area in Hyderabad metropolitan city. The length is of 2.7 kms stretch. The sudden rise in the rate of the growth of urban population, extent of urban area and vehicle ownership without developing proportionate amount of infra structural facilities in urban areas resulted in frequent traffic congestions (jams), increased travel delays, number of accidents, pollution problems that reduced pedestrian safety and comfort & convenience of vehicle users. The present project is an attempt to understand the severity of the parking problems. To solve the parking problems immediately, short-term solution are recommended in the study area In -Out surveys were conducted in the study corridor to estimate the time taken by the vehicles which were parked on the kerb side of the road. Most of the parking types were of mixed parking. In the observations made in the study, it is noted that there are no authorized parking lots for the vehicles; as a result all the vehicles were parked on the road side itself resulting in traffic congestions, reduced speeds of the vehicles. As there is no authorized parking in our corridor area parking fares cannot be determined. The study has focused on identifying the parking problems in the study area and collected data from the surveys conducted and analyzed. The results of the study with recommendations are presented.
KEYWORDS : Transportation, Air Quality Survey.

Paper Title

COST OPTIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF RC FRAME BUILDINGS WITH SYSMIC LOADS

Abstract

The concept of soft storied buildings has taken its place in the Indian urban environment due to the fact that it provides the parking facility in the lower stories of the buildings. Surveys of buildings failed in the past earthquakes show that this types of buildings are found to be one of the most vulnerable to seismic forces. The collapse mechanism of such type of building is predominantly due to the formation of soft-story behavior in the ground story of this type of building. The sudden reduction in lateral stiffness and mass in the ground story results in higher stresses in the columns of ground story under seismic loading. In conventional design practice, the contribution of stiffness of infill walls present in upper story of open ground story framed buildings are ignored in the structural modeling. In this study, static and dynamic analysis of open ground story RC frame with different infill materials using ETABS will be evaluated and the results compared. The three dimensional RC frame will be considered with assumed sizes of structural members like size of columns, size of beams and thickness of slab. Initially, the material properties are assumed as per code specified. The response simulations will be performed for different categories of bare frame and in filled frame. In this project two types of blocks are used, that is clay brick and fly ash brick. Masonry infill walls have been used in reinforced concrete frame structures as interior and exterior partition walls. Infill substantially alters the behavior of the building subjected to lateral loads such as wind and earth quake forces. However when subjected to a strong lateral loads, infill panels tends to interact with bonding frame and may induce a load resistance mechanism that is not accounted for the design. From the studies fly ash in-filled structure having low value of displacement, drift and period of vibration, due to this it is hypothetically concluded as fly ash is better infill material than brick infill.
KEYWORDS : RC frame, E-tabs

Paper Title

DESIGN AND STEADY STATE ANALYSIS OF A TRANSITION DUCT

Abstract

An experiential and numerical investigation of three duct geometries was performed to examine their relative performance and suitability for application as gas turbine exhaust ducts. A11 the ducts had the same length and area change and ali featured a transition from circular to oblong with axial offset. The aspect ratio and offset of the base line duct were increased to produce two additional geometries for investigation. The models were cold flow tested and nurnerically simulated using a commercial 3-D Navies Stokes solver using the Realizable k-E turbulence model. Three different conditions of zero, twenty and forty degrees of swirl were tested to examine the sensitivity of the ducts to the retag flow typical of varied flight conditions. The results show that static pressure losses through the ducts are larger for the increased offset and outlet aspect ratio ducts. Pressure recovery also decreased as the magnitude of the swirl increased. The total diffusion of 27% was not sufficient in al1 cases to prevent an increase in the inlet static pressure. The losses were shown to be a combination of inefficient diffusion resulting Come viscous losses and insufficient division resulting from significant velocity non-uniformity. The relative importance of these two factors varied with the combination of the severity of the swirl and duct geometry. The CFD solutions under predicted the flow losses but correctly identified the trends indicating the potential for CFD to provide useful information towards the design of such ducts.
KEYWORDS : 3-D Navies Stokes ,k-E turbulence model

Paper Title

ONE ZONE THERMODYNAMIC MODEL SIMULATION OF AN IGNITION COMPRESSION ENGINE BY USING ANSYS

Abstract

My end course project was performed in the exchange program between Faculae de Engenharia da Universidad do Porto (FEUP) and the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). The project was proposed by Dr. Christian von Karce (CVK) who developed a thermodynamic engine model for which a computer program had been written for its implementation. The computer simulation was developed and implemented numerically by way of a “Skylab”. However, heat transfer, Q (Q=0), was left out which results somewhat artificially in an \"adiabatic engine\". Also the combustion model used was based on a somewhat simple formulation. It was assumed that burned and unburned gases were homogeneously mixed and burning rate was a constant. Based on CVK work, my work has added heat transfer and a two zone combustion model that separates the action of the burned and unburned gases during the combustionThe result of my project is a computer simulation which may be used to obtain some fairly good estimates of engine performance. These estimates are most useful for understanding basic engine performance as well as assessing modifications as regards valve sizing, spark advance and various fuels. A particularly useful application is to do a compressor/turbine engine matching for turbo charging. The report is based on and extends a prior, informal, report by CVK.
KEYWORDS : Skylab, Q (Q=0), CVK

Paper Title

A STEADY STATE ANALYSIS ON AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR SUBJECTED TO STRESSES AND DEFORMATION

Abstract

Axial flow compressor in which helps in passing a high compressor air and is which can be alternate the air. In a pivotal stream compressor, air goes starting with one phase then onto the next, each stage rising the somewhat. The vitality level of air or gas coursing through it is expanded by the activity of the rotor sharp edges which apply a torque on the liquid which is provided by an electric engine or a steam or a gas turbine. In this postulation, a hub stream compressor is outlined and displayed in 3D demonstrating programming CATIA and Ansys 15.0 The present plan has 30 cutting edges, in this theory it is supplanted with 29 sharp edges and to discover the shear stresses, disfigurement of a compressor and a disappointment investigation through single edge. A solitary cutting edge investigation is improved the situation disappointment conditions. The present utilized material is Aluminum and magnesium combination. Static Structural investigation is done on the compressor models to confirm the quality of the compressor.
KEYWORDS : Axial Flow compressor, Ansys, CATIA.

Paper Title

DESIGN AND CFD ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PIPE JOINTS USED IN WATER SUPPLY INDUTRIES

Abstract

Pipe Distribution network system is very common in industries such as water supply industry, nuclear power plant industry, chemical industry, water treatments plants etc, where the fluid or gases to be transported from one location to other location. The pressure loss may vary depending on the type of components used in the total network, material of the pipe, the fluid that is being transported through the network and pipe fitting. The analysis of pipe network is very important in engineering point of view. A lot of engineering problem dealt with it.. Fittings are used in pipe and plumbing systems to connect straight pipe or tubing sections, to adapt to different sizes or shapes, and for other purposes, such as regulating or measuring fluid flow. Most commonly used fitting or joints in industries are Elbow joint, T-joint and straight joint .One problem facing today’s water supply industries are flow-accelerated corrosion and erosion in pipe joints. The model geometry of three different pipe joints i.e. Elbow, T section and straight joints are created by using solidworks 2016 software and the simulations are being performed using the ANSYS CFD FLUENT module after mesh were created using the ANSYS software. This report documents the results of the simulations that have been made to date; baseline results employing the RNG k-ε turbulence model are presented. Pressure, velocity, shear stress on wall, turbulent kinetic energy inner surface of elbow joint , straight joint & T - joint are shown in figures, and there values are noted and tabulated.. Plots of the velocities, pressure field, wall shear stress, and turbulent kinetic energy adjacent to the wall are shown within the three different joints section.
KEYWORDS : ANSYS CFD FLUENT, ANSYS Software, Pipe.

Paper Title

SHEAR BEHAVIOUR OF BFRP STRENGTHENED RCL-BEAM COMPARED WITH T-BEAM ANALYSIS

Abstract

Disintegration in strengthened solid structures is a noteworthy issue confronted by the frameworks and scaffold ventures everywhere throughout the world. Since finish substitution of these structures requires high speculation, reinforcing has turned into the reasonable answer for alter and enhance the execution of the structures. Already steel plates were utilized as outer fortification to reinforce insufficient RC structures, however over the most recent fifteen years or so on, FRP composites have been utilized to supplant steel on account of their prevalent properties. RC T-area is the most well-known state of bars and supports in structures and extensions. Shear disappointment of RC T-bars is distinguished as the most sad disappointment mode as it doesn\'t give any guidance ahead of time before disappointment. The shear reinforcing of RC T-pillars utilizing remotely fortified (EB) FRP composites has turned into a famous auxiliary fortifying method, because of the notable focal points of FRP composites, for example, their high quality to-weight proportion and great consumption resistance.
KEYWORDS : RC structures, FRP composites

Paper Title

EFFECT OF USING HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE COLUMNS ON THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF RC BUILDING WITH C30 QUALITY

Abstract

High quality cement has been utilized as a part of the lower story sections of tall structures attributable to its qualities over typical quality cement - in numerous nations. However, the full auxiliary characteristics of the HSC were not able be utilized in light of inadequate data with respect to the basic conduct of the material and its properties were not sufficiently tended to in construction regulations including EBCS. Logical examination was directed at structure level to explore the impact of utilizing HSC segment on the auxiliary conduct of general models of medium to skyscraper outline structures under seismic horizontal load notwithstanding gravity loads. Solid quality varieties of C30 to C90MPa were connected on the segments of the edge models. The proposed properties of the HSC class were fused in the examination and plan of the segments. The edges investigation was finished utilizing ETABS and segments were outlined in light of the EBCS section plan method. Segments minute bend bends were created and greatest between story floats were acquired for the diverse casing models with variety in sections solid quality. The investigation demonstrates that casings with HSC segments have bring down firmness and performed well in fulfilling pliability request. The most extreme between story floats are somewhat higher for outlines with HSC segments, yet the commitment of the solid quality in opposing the parallel disfigurements was huge. Monetary examinations were likewise made and it was discovered that the most sparing casing relates to outline with the most astounding sections solid quality.
KEYWORDS : High quality cement, C30

Paper Title

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF G+5 STRUCTURE WITH AND WITHOUT FLOATING COLUMNS

Abstract

The sections which are bolstered on a shaft rather than inflexible establishment are called as coasting segments. A large number of the structures in India are developed with drifting segments. This is fundamentally pillar received to suit stopping or gathering entryways in the principal story. The seismic tremor constrain produced at various floor level of the building should be completed to the establishment by the most limited conceivable way which may not be the situation when drifting segments are given. Giving gliding segments may fulfill a portion of the useful prerequisites yet basic conduct changes unexpectedly due arrangements of coasting sections. The flexural and shear request of the pillars which underpins drifting segments are considerably higher than encompassing bars, this prompts solidness anomalies at a specific joint. In give situation structures gliding section is a commonplace component in the current multi-story G+5 development in urban India. Such highlights are profoundly undesirable in building worked in seismically dynamic ranges. This investigation features the significance of unequivocally perceiving the nearness of the coasting section in the examination of building. Substitute measures, including solidness adjust of the primary story and the story above, are proposed to diminish the anomaly presented by the coasting sections. The part spine displaying for the solid sections additionally needed to change with the goal that merging could be come to in the ETABS and the Perform-3D models. to keep a spine with negative solidness, a preservationist spine was utilized, in which the ostensible limit was taken at the beginning of steel yielding, and afterward a line was attracted to the pinnacle minute limit.
KEYWORDS : G+5, Floating Columns, Without Floating Columns

Paper Title

OPTIMIZATION OF RC FRAME STRUCTURES BY COMPARING INFILL WALLS &SHEAR WALLS NUMERICAL STUDY

Abstract

It is evident as a matter of fact that structures which had not been outlined and developed by standard codes, and along these lines don\'t have enough horizontal firmness, will experience disjoin harms amid exceptional tremors. As a successful recovery method, fortifying unreinforced workmanship (URM) in loads with fiber strengthened polymer (FRP) can enhance their commitment in stack bearing activity and in doing as such, they can be considered as a basic component. In this article, the technique for Equivalent Strut for demonstrating infill dividers is examined with the guide of limited component (FE) system, and after that by characterizing the compressive and ductile strut conduct, URM in fills are displayed both in un-retrofitted and retrofitted states. The consequences of nonlinear push-over investigation demonstrate that the proposed model can give the conduct near the trial examples.
KEYWORDS : Concrete structures, CFRP, Infill, Finite element, Non- linear push- over analysis

Paper Title

FREQUENCY ADAPTIVE SELECTIVE HARMONIC CONTROL FOR GRID CONNECTED INVITERS

Abstract

In this paper, a Frequency Adaptive Selective Harmonic Control (FA-SHC) conspire is proposed. The FA-SHC strategy is created from a mixture SHC plot in light of the inner model standard, which can be intended for network associated inverters to ideally alleviate sustain in current music. The half and half SHC plot comprises of numerous parallel recursive (nk±m)- arrange (k=0,1,2,..., and m≤n/2) symphonious control modules with autonomous control picks up, which can be ideally weighted as per the consonant circulation. The mixture SHC accordingly offers an ideal exchange off among cost, multifaceted nature and furthermore execution regarding high exactness, quick reaction, simple usage, and perfect plan. The examination and union of the mixture SHC are tended to. More vital, to manage the sounds within the sight of lattice recurrence varieties, the half and half SHC is changed into the FA-SHC, being the proposed fragmentary request controller, when it is executed with a fixed examining rate. The FA-SHC is executed by substituting the fragmentary request components with the Lagrange polynomial based interjection filters. The proposed FA-SHC conspire gives quick on-line calculation and recurrence flexibility to repay music in network associated applications, where the lattice recurrence is normally shifting inside a specific range (e.g., 50±0.5 Hz). Trial tests have shown the viability of the proposed FA-SHC plot as far as exact recurrence flexibility and furthermore quick transient reaction.
KEYWORDS : Harmonics, frequency variation, repetitive control, resonant control, harmonic control, grid-connected inverter

Paper Title

A STUDY ON METHODS OF WIRELESS MESH NETWORK PROTOCOLS DEVELOPMENTS IN RECENT TRENDS

Abstract

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged as a key technology for next-generation wireless networking. This paper focuses on a variety of routing protocols that are used in wireless mesh networks. Wireless Mesh Networks can give an answer for many open issues in the field of wireless networks. For WMN to be effective enough, it is required for a chosen routing protocol based on routing metrics that fits application needs to be used properly. Until now, many different routing protocols have been proposed. All of them have their own characteristics and there is no easy way to make any reliable comparison. The proposed paper presents a review of the current state-ofthe-art WMN routing protocols and metrics.
KEYWORDS : Reactive Routing Protocol, Routing Metrics, Routing Protocols, WMNs.

Paper Title

A STUDY ON RECENT APPROACHES IN SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS WITH GRID CONNECTIVITY

Abstract

Energy is the key component for the conservative improvement of a nation. With the expanding worry about the worldwide request for Renewable Energy (RE) vitality, it is particularly imperative to diminish the cost of the entire sunlight based photovoltaic (PV) framework. Still now a large portion of the sun based photovoltaic (PV) system is exceedingly costly. In this paper we have demonstrated that lattice tied close planetary system can be produced by precluding the energy storage device like huge limit battery bank. It won\'t just lessen the inside misfortunes for charging and releasing of battery bank yet in addition in the meantime a lot of cost of the battery will be decreased. In this way, the framework support cost will be decreased too. We have proposed another way to deal with plan a photovoltaic (PV) sun oriented power framework which can be worked by bolstering the sun oriented energy to the national network alongside the private load. Once more on the off chance that there is an additional power interest for private load alongside the sun based power then this framework can likewise give an open door to devour the power from the national network. The aggregate framework is controlled with the assistance of some the sensors and a microcontroller. In general a huge decrease in the framework costs and productive framework execution can be figured it out.
KEYWORDS : Smart control, Grid connected PV system, PV system without storage, Net metering, Grid-tie inverter

Paper Title

AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH OF AN AIRFOIL AND ITS PERFORMANCE THROUGH SIMULATION

Abstract

Airfoil plays an important role in any aircraft because it has to generate adequate lift to hold the aircraft in the air with less drag. The design of an airfoil with desired aerodynamic characteristics is not so easy till date. In early days the design was random and it was tested in a flow section, then Wright Brothers come with cambered section. NACA has given a proper definition for airfoil which help us to create airfoil using formulas and not randomly. In this work a detailed study of NACA 2312 airfoil, at various angle of attack and different free stream velocity in the wind tunnel. This work is divided into two phase one is numerical analysis and another one is experimental verification by fabricating the airfoil and testing in wind tunnel. The aerodynamic characteristics are plotted against AOA and the comparison between the numerical and experimental is also performed.
KEYWORDS : Airfoil, Ansys, Computational fluid dynamics, Wind Tunnel.

Paper Title

STUDY PROPERTIES ON FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF WELDED JOINTS WITH FERROUS ALLOYS AND SEM APPORACH

Abstract

The construction industry has for many years shown interest in opportunities offered by the welding of dissimilar metals. The need for appropriate and effective techniques has in- creased in recent decades with efforts to meet wide disparities constraints in services. Fatigue design of welded structures is primarily based on a nominal stress; hot spot stress methods or local approaches each having several limitations when coupled with finite element modeling. An alternative recent structural stress definition is discussed and implemented in a post-processor. It provides an effective means for the direct coupling of finite element results to the fatigue assessment of welded joints in complex structures. The applications presented in this work confirm the main features of the method: mesh-insensitivity, accurate crack location and life to failure predictions.
KEYWORDS : Welded joints; Structural stress; Fatigue assessment, ferrous alloys

Paper Title

FINDING CHARACTERISTICS ON BI-DIRECTIONAL AC-DC CONVERTER FOR LOW VOLTAGE DC

Abstract

In this paper, the high efficiency isolated bidirectional AC-DC converter system with several improved techniques will be discussed to improve the performance of a low voltage DC distribution system. In this paper, a direct AC-DC power electronic converter topology is proposed for efficient and optimum energy harvesting from low-voltage micro generators. The proposed converter uses the bidirectional current conduction capability of MOSFET to avoid the use of front-end bridge rectifier which operates in discontinuous conduction mode. In the single inductor based direct AC-DC converters, external inductors are connected to the output of micro generators for boost operation. The presented converter consists of a line frequency commutated unfolding bridge and an interleaved buck-boost stage. The low semiconductor losses of the line frequency commutated unfolding bridge contribute to the comparatively good efficiency of this converter. The buck and boost operating modes of the interleaved buck-boost stage provide operation over a wide battery voltage range. The interleaved structure of the interleaved buck-boost stage results in lower battery current ripple. In addition, sinusoidal input current, bidirectional power flow and reactive power compensation capability are also guaranteed. This paper presents the topology and operating principles of the presented converter. The feasibility of the converter is validated using MATLAB simulations, as well as experimental results.
KEYWORDS : AC-DC Converter, Boost Converter, MOSFET.

Paper Title

A SCHEMATIC APPROACH ON CONTROLLER TO PROVIDE POWER SOURCE BY USING FUZZY LOGIC

Abstract

This article introduces the method of intelligent regulation to control the Buck converter using the pulse width modulation switching by a fuzzy logic controller. DC-DC converter generally consists of power semiconductor devices which operate as electronic switches. Operation of these switching devices causes inherently nonlinear characteristic to the DC-DC Converters includes buck-boost converter. The proposed system consists of the development of the fuzzy logic controller for generating control PWM pulses of the required duty cycle for MOSFET of the buck-boost converter to maintain the constant output voltage. This article introduces the method of intelligent regulation to control the Buck converter using the pulse width modulation switching by a fuzzy logic controller.
KEYWORDS : DC-DC Converter, Direct power control, Fuzzy logic control.