Paper Title

FREE VIBRATION AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF RANDOMLY ORIENTED CARBON NANO TUBE BASED FUNCTIONALLY GRADED BEAM

Abstract

Modern technology demands materials having improved mechanical, thermal and chemical properties which must sustain the different environmental conditions. The carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced functionally graded materials (FGM) are expected to be the new generation materials having wide range of unexplored potential applications in various technological areas such as aerospace, defence, energy, automobile, medical, structural and chemical industry. Present work deals with the finite element modelling and free vibration analysis of CNT based functionally graded beam using three dimensional Timoshenko beam theory. It has been assumed that the material properties of CNT based FG beam varies only along the thickness and these properties are evaluated by rule of mixture. The extended Hamilton’s principle has been applied to find out the governing equations of CNT based FG beam. Finite element method is used to solve governing equation with the exact shape functions. Natural frequencies are calculated and validated with available literature. The convergence study has been carried out with obtained results. The effect of variation of CNT volume fraction and boundary conditions on the natural frequency of the beam has also been studied. Initial analysis deals with CNTs assumed to be oriented along the length direction only. But practically it is not possible. So, further work deals with the free vibration analysis of functionally graded nano composite beams reinforced by randomly oriented straight single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka approach based on an equivalent fiber is used to investigate the material properties of the beam. The equations of motion are derived by using Hamilton’s principle. Results are presented in tabular and graphical forms to show the effects of carbon nanotube orientations, slenderness ratios and boundary conditions on the dynamic behaviour of the beam. Mainly, Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) are invented for high temperature applications such as Aerospace and Nuclear industries. Moreover, Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) are reinforced with FGM to improve their thermal properties along with Mechanical and Electrical properties. So, next important work is the thermal analysis of Carbon Nano Tubes based FG (FG-CNT) Timoshenko beam. Different types of temperature distributions are used to find out the thermal behaviour of Timoshenko beam. However, the material property distribution is assumed to be exponential along the thickness direction for exponential type temperature distribution, linear and power law type material distribution for linear type temperature distribution. First order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) is implemented along with plain strain condition to formulate expressions for stresses and strains. Finally, effect of linear and exponential type of temperature distributions on Young’s modulus, total stresses and strains is evaluated numerically for given beam. Finite difference method is also applied to find out temperature distribution for power law material distribution. Same thermal analysis is also carried out in this case also. The effect of CNT orientation on stresses and strains has also been found out for exponential distribution of material and temperature. The comparison of these cases will lead to the conclusion and it will serve the purpose of presented work.

Paper Title

PREDICTION OF FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION LIFE IN SINGLE EDGE NOTCHED BEAMS USING EXPONENTIAL MODEL

Abstract

Metal beams are extensively used in structures, automobile sectors and machine components. Some of their applications include connecting rod of IC engine, shafts, axles, and gears, structures members of bridges and also components of machines. Most of them experience fluctuating or cyclic load condition in their service life’s such loading conditions may initiate a crack and cause fatigue crack growth. The monitoring and modelling of fatigue crack growth are necessary for the stability and safety of machines and structures. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to develop a fatigue life prediction methodology by using an Exponential Model in single edge notched (SEN) cracked beams. The predicted results are compared with experimental crack growth data. It has been observed that the results obtained from the models are in good agreement with experimental data.

Keywords:-Beams, crack profile, fatigue crack propagation, constant amplitude loading, life prediction, exponential model.

Paper Title

ANALYSIS OF GYROSCOPIC EFFECTS IN ROTOR-DISC SYSTEMS

Abstract

This work deals with study of dynamics of a viscoelastic rotor shaft system, where Stability Limit of Spin Speed (SLS) and Unbalance Response amplitude (UBR) are two indices. The Rotor Internal Damping in the system introduces rotary dissipative forces which is tangential to the rotor orbit, well known to cause instability after certain spin speed. There are two major problems in rotor operation, namely high transverse vibration response at resonance and instability due to internal damping. The gyroscopic stiffening effect has some influence on the stability. The gyroscopic effect on the disc depends on the disc dimensions and disc positions on the rotor. The dynamic performance of the rotor shaft system is enhanced with the help of gyroscopic stiffening effect by optimizing the various disc parameters (viz. disc position and disc dimension). This optimization problem can be formulated using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) technique. The LMI defines a convex constraint on a variable which makes an optimization problem involving the minimization or maximization of a performance function belong to the class of convex optimization problems and these can incorporate design parameter constraints efficiently. The unbalance response of the system can be treated with H∞ norm together with parameterization of system matrices. The system matrices in the equation of motion here are obtained after discretizing the continuum by beam finite element. The constitutive relationship for the damped beam element is written by assuming a Kelvin – Voigt model and is used to obtain the equation of motion. A numerical example of a viscoelastic rotor is shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

Paper Title

AN EXPERIMENTAL DEMONSTRATING OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR FLEXURAL STRENGTH

Abstract

Fibers have played a leading role for a stretched time in a variety of applications for their extraordinaryexplicit strength and modulus. They can be effectively precise cracking and use the concrete with crack free and also increase the overall properties like compressive, ductility, flexural, quality of the concrete. This paper compacts with the properties of accumulation of various proportions of polypropylene fiber for diverse grades on the properties of concrete. An experiential modeling of fiber reinforced concrete (polypropylene fiber) was carried out to explore its effects on flexural strength. By using the values of different papers on polypropylene fibers the empirical equation was determined by validation; for flexural strength. Papers on polypropylene fibers are used in this data modeling. Polypropylene fibres are tough but have low tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. Polypropylene is a synthetic hydrocarbon polymer, the fiber of which is made using extrusion processes by hot drawing the material through a die. Its use enables reliable and effective utilization of intrinsic tensile and flexural strength of the material along with significant reduction of plastic shrinkage cracking and minimizing of thermal cracking.

Keywords: polypropylene fibers, strength properties, concrete specimens.

Paper Title

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF INJECTION MOULD WITH HOT RUNNER

Abstract

An understanding of the complex relationship between polymer structure and its process ability in hot runner injection moulding is essential for the correct selection and application of hot runner systems. In designing the hot runner system, there is often some flexibility with regard to the bore sizes selected within the manifolds, and the nozzles, which make up the system. If the pressure losses through the system are a concern, larger bores may be selected to reduce the pressure loss. The aim of this master project is to design a multi-cavity injection mold. The theoretical part of this thesis describes problematic of injection molding and injection mold design, namely runner systems, mold cooling and venting. Practical part of the project deals with two injection mold designs for the given part, which is a cup for yogurts and desserts. This is followed by comparison of the individual designs. The chosen injection mold design is sub-mitted to injection molding process analysis and documented with assembly drawing. Injection mold designing was done in CAD application CATIA V5R19 and evaluated by injection molding analysis in Autodesk Moldflow Synergy 2014 software.

Keywords: Mold design, Hot runner gate design, Mold flow analysis.

Paper Title

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOR OF HIGH VOLUMES OF SLAG CONCRETE AND OPC CONCRETE

Abstract

A major challenge with concrete industry in India is to meet the demand posed by enormous infrastructure needs due to rapid industrialization and urbanization.In this paper our research work presented the study of behavior of high volume of slag concrete and OPC concrete.The influence of slag content on compressive strength of high volume of slag concrete (cement :ggbs is 50:50) with different water/binder ratios and Ordinary Portland cement with different W/c ratios are investigated. The strength of concrete is increasing with decrease in water/binder ratio. Due to slow pozzolanic reaction the high volumes of slag concrete achieves significant improvement in its mechanical properties at later ages.

Keywords: High Volumes of Slag Concrete, Compressive Strength, Portland cement, GGBS,POZZOLANIC.

Paper Title

AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE AND AGAINST AGGRESSIVE CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

The present paper reports result of an investigational program accompanied to revision the behavior of geopolymer concrete subjected to severe ecological conditions. The grades chosen for the investigation were M-30, M-40, M-50 and M-60, the mixes were designed for molarity of 8M and 12M. The alkaline solution used for present study is the combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution with the ratio of 2.50 and 3.50. The geopolymer concrete cubes of 150×150×150 mm were cast. Three cubes were tested for compressive strength at the age of 7 days and 28 days by universal testing machine. Then the specimen were subjected to the elevated temperature 200o c, 400o c, 600o c, 800o c and 1000o c in an electric air heated muffle and after cooling were tested for the compressive strength. Six cubes were immersed in each solution of sodium sulphate, sulfuric acid, and sodium chloride for 30 days and 60 days. The test reveal the properties of geopolymer concrete and its applicability at elevated temperature and against aggressive environment such as acid attack, sulphate attack and chloride attack when compared to conventional concrete. Thus we can say that the production of geopolymers have a relative higher strength, excellent volume steadiness and better resilience.

Paper Title

EMPLOYMENT OF BAGASSE ASH AS A FRACTIONAL AUXILIARY OF FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE

Abstract

Nowadays most of the researches are focusing on ways of utilizing either industrial or agricultural wastes as a source of raw materials for the construction industry. These wastes utilization would not only be economical, but may also help to create a sustainable and pollution free environment. The consumption of industrial and agricultural waste formed by industrial processes has been the focus of waste reduction research for economic, environmental and technical reasons. Sugar-cane bagasse is a fibrous waste-product of the sugar refining industry, along with ethanol vapor. This waste product (Sugar-cane Bagasse Ash) is already causing serious environmental pollution, which calls for urgent ways of handling the waste. Bagasse has mainly contained silica and aluminum ion. In this paper, the Bagasse ash has been chemically and physically characterized, and partially replaced in the ratio of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 25% by the weight of cement in concrete. The bagasse ash was then ground until the particles passing the 90μm sieve size reach about 85% and the specific surface area about 4716 cm2/gm. Considerable decrease in compressive strength was observed from 15% cement replacement. The test results indicated that up to 10% replacement of cement by bagasse ash results in better or similar concrete properties and further environmental and economic advantages can also be exploited by using bagasse ash as a partial cement replacement material.

Keywords: Bagasse Ash, Fine Aggregate, CO2, coarse aggregate.

Paper Title

A SURVEY ON PUBLIC AUDITING FOR GROUP SHARED DATA WITH EFFICIENT USER REVOCATION IN CLOUD

Abstract

Many users are attracted to the cloud, in order to save their cost and to avoid local burden all users are motivated to outsource their data to the cloud, using data service the users can easily store, modify and they can share data as a group. But due to security issues most of the data owners are worrying about data integrity, In this paper data owners can share data with group of users but due to security every user in the group before uploading any data to the cloud he need compute the signature and the problem identified is if data owner leaves the group how to allocate signature to the other group members and public auditing are major issues are identified, to handle these two issues we are proposing new novel technique Proxy Authenticator .If any user is revoked from the group the proxy will assign signature to other group member. If membership is changing frequently and re-signs blocks is large proxy revocation handle effectively.

Paper Title

MEASUREMENT OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION ON HIGH DENSE URBAN CORRIDORS IN HYDERABAD CITY

Abstract

Traffic congestion has been one of major issues that most metropolises are facing. It is believed that identification of congestion is the first step for selecting appropriate mitigation measures. Congestion – both in perception and in reality – impacts the movement of people. Traffic congestion wastes time, energy and causes pollution. There are broadly two factors, which effect the congestion; (a) micro-level factors (b) macro-level factors that relate to overall demand for road use. Congestion is ‘triggered’ at the ‘micro’ level (e.g. on the road), and ‘driven’ at the ‘macro’ level. Micro level factors are, for example, many people want to move at the same time, too many vehicles for limited road space. On the other side, macro level factors are e.g. land-use patterns, car ownership trends, regional economic dynamics, etc. is paper gives an overview and presents the possible ways to identify and measure metrics for urban arterial congestion. A systematic review is carried out, based on measurement metrics such as speed, travel time/delay and volume and level of service. e review covers distinct aspects like definition; measurement criteria followed by different countries/organizations. The strengths and weaknesses of these measures are discussed. Further, a short critique of measurement criteria is presented.
This study aimed to analyze traffic congestion in urban road networks. The speed performance index was adopted to evaluate the existing road network conditions of congestion, then road segment and network congestion indexes were introduced to respectively measure the congestion levels of urban road segment and network. Urban traffic congestion has different typical characteristics under the influence of different conditions, such as different day of week, holiday and weather etc. It is necessary to set up the relationships between traffic congestion patterns and those influencing factors, when we conducting macroscopic analysis on the causes of traffic congestion. Based on Traffic Performance Index (TPI), a dynamic macroscopic index showing the whole area congestion intensity.

Keywords: Down Town Streets, Traffic Congestion, Capacity & Level Of Service, Multiple Regration Equation.

Paper Title

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREA

Abstract

Area traffic management is an essential prerequisite for the effective planning in urban area. Most of the traffic problems are caused by certain deficiencies in planning, engineering and management issues. The traffic congestion, vehicular delays, risk of accident, uneconomic travel and other psychological strains are the observed features in the urban area.
The development of built up areas is a reflection of land use change in urban activated areas. The road infrastructure density, its functionality, hierarchical connectivity should reciprocate to the demand profiles like trip length, trip interactions and trip densities. An approach for identification of urban longitudinal and transitional corridors through the development of primary road system is suggested in this study. This approach suggests the decongestion measures in mixed traffic conditions by identifying the operational routes for the external based trips. The relational patterns with traveler characteristics (which are a reflection of land use density) are used for developing a policy on corridor identification and cost optimization in travel. This will also promote a way for environment sustenance in mixed traffic, improper land use development and non-planned road network conditions.
A lead on user average trip lengths, trip orientation and trip intensity is obtained from the travel surveys and its successive analysis. The data used in the study is obtained by the comprehensive surveys like Traffic studies, Video graphic surveys, Road densities, road hierarchical connectivity and road functionality have been ascertained from the source of satellite data and the relevant field surveys. The analysis has given a lead for identifying the corridors needed for development in urban areas. The planning is made based on the concepts of user preferences, static analysis of land use , road length and distribution of access points, trip behavioral patterns, future travel demand , static – dynamic correlations and prioritization of routes.
This project envisages studying the various issues related to traffic congestion like level of service, speed, congestion, pedestrian, facility in a given local area. The study of including congestion survey to capture the traffic data in a corridor covering from TV tower to Kothapet on the NH-65 in Hyderabad.
From the survey data the level of service on the street was found out an indicates level of “D” indicating high congestion the facility for parking of vehicles were in adequate unauthorized parking at many location was identification proper walkways for pedestrians were absent and pedestrians crossings were also not provided. The observation to traffic due to unauthorized encroachment was observed.
Having identified the deficiencies from the analysis of the data from survey, recommendations area made to improve the condition by necessary intersection.

Paper Title

DEVELOP SOFTWARE IDE INCORPORATING WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

The software IDE’s are most commonly used tool in most of the Software life cycle process.
The demand for open source IDE’s are high in the current market and every 5 out of 10 Industries in the Software markets are making use of the IDE’s. So the framework is used for the purpose of developing a small piece of code to an complete applications. And it never stops there. It also provides various plug-in and adds on for making the application to more optimistic. Also the same frameworks are used to test the developed application about the functionalities and making sure the application is UN breakable. Sometimes the developed application ended up with the human errors. May be the small error causes the big impact on the signoff phase (SDLC Life cycle). To improve the quality and to develop the application the paper introducing the new IDE which aims to provide the higher impact on developing an application with 98% of optimality. The proposed IDE is named as “D-Intellect”. This IDE is one step ahead of normal IDE’s/Tools so far developed. The reason behind the IDE is “It will think” with the application developed on the IDE and provide a feedback and suggestions and it not going to stop there. It also provides the complete process and complexity and algorithms which would be helpful for the small scale and large scale enterprise companies globally to build a bug free and environment. The “D-Intellect” stores all the relevant data and compare and analysis process has been carried out to store the data in Knowledge base and it fine tune the algorithms used before and provide the results with the help of predictive analysis.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, SDLC, Data Science, D-Intellect, Machine Learning.

Paper Title

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PRIVACY OF ASSOCIATION RULE MINING AMONG HYBRID PARTITIONED DATABASES

Abstract

Data mining is the drawing out of obscure examples from walloping information. Association rule mining distinguishes the connections among the attributes of the information. Mining from taken information bases is tough because the data ought to not be unveiled among the databases. The taken databases is partitioned off horizontally and vertically or hybrid that is combination of horizontal and vertical .This paper augment the association rule mining in vertically distributed databases. The protocol for this association mining is taking under consideration the Fast Distributed Mining (FDM) algorithmic program. For satisfying the privacy constraints in vertically partitioned off databases, algorithmic program supported cryptography techniques, Homomorphic coding, Shamir’s secret sharing technique area unit used For horizontal partitioned databases that uses Paillier cryptosystem to process global supports are used. This paper contemplates the in depth ways used for mining association rules over distributed where as maintain privacy.

Keywords: Fast Distributed Mining algorithm, Paillier cryptosystem, Association rules

Paper Title

NEAREST ATM NAVIGATION SEARCH FOR SPATIAL QUERIES

Abstract

The Geographic Web search engines find the location and navigate you to the nearest ATM. The Location Based Service is used to identify the location and navigates to the particular geographic region Nearest ATM. The spatial databases maintain multidimensional objects and provide easy access to with their region with different collection criteria. For example instead of considering all ATMs, a nearest neighbor query would instead ask for the ATM that is the closest among those whose ATMs contain “SBH” , “SBI”, “IDBI” all at the same time. In this paper we are finding best solution such queries is IR2-Tree , IR2 combines the Rtree with hash based functions.

Keywords: Spatial queries, IR2 trees, predicate, spatial inverted index, multidimensional data

Paper Title

PARKING MANAGEMENT IN AN URBAN AREA

Abstract

The number of vehicles is increasing at an alarming rate in the urban areas. The commercialization of the area is also happening at a fast rate. The investment on roads and for parking facilities have not kept in pace with these growing traffic leading to congestion and accidents. The propensity to own private vehicles and the necessity for their use has generated huge parking demand in metropolitan cities. Almost all the metropolitan cities are experiencing increased problems related to parking. With the rapid increase of cars the need to find available parking space in the most efficient manner, to avoid traffic congestion in a parking area, is becoming a necessity in ‘car park management’.
Many cities in the developing world are rapidly growing and the economic patterns of the people living in these cities in changing. With these changes there is a need for these cities to stay up to the mark in providing the mobility facilities or in other words meet the needs of mobility for the citizens. Often city officials presume that the providing of more parking spaces for the citizens means meeting the mobility needs. On the contrary, every car that is on the road needs a place to be parked. It is a key issue in almost all urban areas.
One of the problems created by road traffic is ‘parking’. Not only do vehicles require street space to move about, but also they do require space to park where the occupants can be loaded and unloaded. The period over which a car is parked is very great compared with the time it is in motion. The size of average parking is 14m2. It is roughly estimated that out of 8760 hours in a year, the car runs on an average for only 400 hours, leaving 8360 hours when it is parked. Every car owner wish to park their car as closely as possible to his destination so as to minimize walking.
Cars take up space when they are moving but for an average of 23 hours of the day they are parked, and if they were to be used for all journeys then they would need a parking space at both ends of every trip – so many spaces are required for every car. A parked car takes up around 8 square meters when parked and often the same again in maneuvering space – a huge amount in dense urban areas where land is expensive. Often, cars get more space to park than humans have to live in! The above mentioned reason justifies the need for having a parking management system. The study has focused on identifying the parking problems in the study area and collected data from the surveys conducted and analyzed. The results of the study with recommendations are presented.

Paper Title

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF UNIVERSAL COUPLING IN POWER TRANSMISSION

Abstract

Universal joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to bend in any direction, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. It consists of a pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° to each other, connected by a cross shaft. The Universal coupling saves the Gear arrangements cost for making misalign to align torque transmission, decreases the work space for transmitting arrangements. Main problem arises in universal coupling is due to failures which maybe manufacturing and design fault, shear failure, improper assembly, raw material faults, maintenance faults, material processing faults, drivable joint angle, cyclic load ,wear, noise etc. Main objectives are to reduce shear failures by Modification of pin (cross) in existing design of universal coupling. The modeling of proposed design is to be done by using CREO software & static and dynamic analysis is to be done in ANSYS software & results are compared with existing design.
The power produced from an engine of automobile can be transferred to the drive wheel by power transmission system. Each automobile has different power transmission system constructive features depend on the vehicle’s driveline concept. (H.Bayrakceken et al., 2006) To transmit the driving torque from the engine or gear unit to the wheels, most of passenger car and light vehicle driven by combustion engine has at least two driveshaft as a basic requirement (Amborn, P. 1995). During operation, torsional stress and bending stress was experienced by driveshaft due to the weight of the car or misalignment of journal bearing (Asi, 2006). In order to meet the requirements of one of the most highly stressed components in automotive assembly, a failure investigation must be conducted. Finite element method was used as stress analysis to determine the stress conditions at the failed section. Nearly all of driveshaft are metal shafts or metal tubes that has special joint at each end called universal joint (Birch and Rockwood2005).
Power transmission system of vehicles consist several components which sometimes encounter unfortunate failures. Some common reasons for the failures may be manufacturing and design faults, maintenance faults, raw material faults, material processing faults as well as the user originated faults. In this study, fracture analysis of a universal joint yoke and a drive shaft of an automobile power transmission system are carried out. Spectroscopic analyses, metallographic analyses and hardness measurements are carried out for each part. For the determination of stress conditions at the failed section, stress analysis is also carried out by the finite element method. The common failure types in automobiles and revealed that the failures in the transmission system elements cover 1/4 of all the automobile failures. Some common reasons for the failures may be manufacturing and design faults, maintenance faults, raw material faults as well as the user originated faults. This paper presents FEM analysis of universal coupling with the help of ANSYS for different torque or load condition and it verify by manual calculation.

Keywords — Universal Coupling, CREO, ANSYS , Assembly, Strain, Stress.

Paper Title

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF WINGLETS WITH MODIFIED TIP TO ENHANCE PERFORMANCE BY REDUCING DRAG

Abstract

Winglets being a small structure play an important role in reducing the induced drag in Aircraft . Many types of winglets have been designed and their significance in reducing the Drag is published. One of the main objectives of this master thesis work is to study about the winglet design and about their contribution in reducing induced drag. A brief overview of wing tip devices and their performance from the manufacturers as well as from airliner’s point of view are discussed. Moreover, the role of winglet in reducing the drag of commercial civil jet aircraft is studied and the percentage of drag reduction is calculated by a conceptual approach . A320 specifications are taken to perform induced drag reduction calculation with and without winglets. Indeed, the total drag count reduced with the help of winglets accounts for additional payload which will be an advantage for the aircraft operator.
Reducing the process time in design is one of the important criteria for any field and hence automation with help of CAD tools is very significant in reducing time. This study also aims at developing an automated model for different types of winglets and wing tip devices with the help of CAD technology focused on reducing design time during the initial design process . Knowledge based approach is used in this work and all the models are parameterized so e ach model could be varied with associated parameters. The generic model created would take different shapes and switches between different types of wing tip devices as per the user’s requirement with the help of available parameters. Knowledge Pattern (KP) approach is used to develop the automation process. User Defined Features (UDFs) are created for each type of winglet and tip devices. CATIA V5 R18 software is used to develop the models of winglets and tip devices.

Paper Title

MODELING AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF RADIAL ENGINE ASSEMBLY

Abstract

The radial engine is an internal combustion engine, configuration in which the cylinders point outward from a central crankshaft like the spokes on a wheel. This configuration was very commonly used in aircraft engines before being superseded by turbo shaft and turbojet engines. It is a reciprocating engine. The cylinders are connected to the crankshaft with a master-and-articulating-rod assembly. One cylinder has a master rod with a direct attachment to the crankshaft. The remaining cylinder pins their connecting rods attachments ….etc.
The main objective of the project is how to develop the four stroke five cylinder engine assembly using CAD tool PRO-E (Professional Engineer).These Engine assembly consists major components, they are Cylinder head, Hub (master rod), Piston, Radial Connecting Rod Assembly, middle Crank Shaft, Internal system with inlet and outlet valves with required dimensions and also showing the main internal mechanism of Radial engine. These Mechanisms shows the working of engine.
And importing the components which are developed in CAD tool into CAE tool ANSYS for analyze to find out the deformations and stress efficiency of the components, Applying the existing material and another material and showing the comparison between two materials for components when the loads are different.

Paper Title

MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF MACHINING FIXTURE FOR ROTOR BLADE ON FOUR AXIS VERTICAL MACHINING CENTRE

Abstract

This Project presents the Modelling and Analysis of Machining Fixture for Rotor Blade on 4 Axis Vertical Machining Centre (VMC) machine. Fixture is necessary to hold parts for manufacturing, assembly and inspection. Fixtures should ideally be simple, inexpensive, lightweight and modular. The fixture was designed on the lines of low cost and high durability. It was also designed on the lines of easy pick and place of the components. Vent holes were also provided for allowing a smooth and noise free operation by allowing the air to escape to the surroundings. Locating accuracy and machined part quality tested and found that the fixture is as good as any dedicated fixture in production.
After a study of input data like Part drawing, Assembly drawing, tolerances and critical dimensions the fixture modelling is done. For this purpose, CAD software Pro-Engineer is utilized. Solid models of individual components are created and assembled, for analysis
The component namely the rotor blade is to be located and fixed in the assembly. The forces applied on the rotor blade are due to machining and are applied on the Fixture plate. The resulting displacements and stresses are determined by using Solid works software.
Another important aspect in designing the fixture is to reduce non production time i.e. setup time. In the designed fixture there is 50% reduction in setup time than previous fixture setup and also reducing operator fatigue to minimum.

Paper Title

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC LOAD CELL FOR FATIGUE TESTING MACHINE

Abstract

In this paper fatigue testing facilities are first classified in accordance with a number of features which include purpose, type of loading, method of load application and transmittal as well as control system. Owing to the significant role played by the loading system in defining the design features, scope and limitations of the testing machine, such systems are herein studied at some length. Typical examples of test rigs built for uniaxial and multi axial loading are presented. A calibration method of wide applicability for uni-axial material testing machines is proposed and experimentally verified. The result of the calibration is an estimate of the linear deviation between the forces indicated by the load cell of the machine, and that experienced by the tested specimen. The analysis relies upon parameter estimation of a measured frequency response function, with a dynamic model derived from a low-frequency vibration analysis of the mechanical machine structure. Details of higher order, possibly created by a flexible machine base, are also investigated. The accuracy is then considerably enhanced whenever the spectrum of the exciting force has significant amplitude at a weakly damped resonance of the base. Since the suggested method indicates the achieved model accuracy, it is easy to detect the cases when the approach is not applicable. The dynamic model can also be used for optimizing machine performance. Optimal machine damping is shown to equal 1= ffiffiffi 2 p , similar to the maximum flat design of second order Butterworth filters. The measured machine was found to have a damping of only 3%.

Paper Title

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE WING FOR HYPERSONIC MISSILE

Abstract

The essence of this project is to study and analyze the effect of a wingtip missile (external store) to a supersonic fighter aircraft and to compare the result with the same configuration but without the wing tip missile. Almost all the fighter aircrafts of the modern era are already equipped with external stores. This project is divided into two categories, in the initial phase the modeling of the above said configurations is performed and in the latter part the same geometry is analyzed computationally. Upon the successfully completion both these phases it is then put forward for the comparison. For the purpose of modeling of the aircraft’s geometry the required data is acquired from the technological owner of the aircraft themselves. This technical data is then elaborated to an extent which only covered the educational aspect for the purpose of the research study. A computer aided modeler namely ICEM CFD is selected for the purpose of modeling. After the completion of design process it is then analyzed numerically for the purpose of studying the effect of the external store on the aerodynamic interference on the flow around the aircraft’s wing. A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) have been carried out to get the aerodynamic coefficients such as lift, drag of the wing and then certifying the aircraft behavior with and without the wingtip missile. By exact modeling and analyzing we ensure that there will not be any difficulties in stability and controllability of the wing during actual flight. CFD uses certain specific sets of equations to solve the unknown’s parameters. The geometry modeled for the purpose of analysis in this project is 1/13th of the actual size. In keeping with its historic role of providing an advanced technology base in aeronautics, NASA, through its Langley Research Center, has undertaken an assessment of the significance of advanced aerodynamic, propulsion, and structural technology for cruise missile systems. Such an assessment should provide NASA with a rationale for planning a research program in those technology areas, and a nucleus of a plan for such a program. Although the assessment is centered on cruise missile systems, the recommended research programs would undoubtedly have applicability to other missile and aircraft systems. The purpose of this report is to contribute to the assessment and to recommend areas in which research and development effort is needed in aerodynamics, propulsion, and structures over the speed range from subsonic to hypersonic to support the future development of improved cruise missile systems.

Paper Title

SOIL STABILIZATION USING WASTE FIBER MATERIALS

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to investigate the use of waste fiber materials in geotechnical applications and to evaluate the effects of waste polypropylene fibers on shear strength of unsaturated soil by carrying out direct shear tests and unconfined compression tests on two different soil samples. The results obtained are compared for the two samples and inferences are drawn towards the usability and effectiveness of fiber reinforcement as a replacement for deep foundation or raft foundation, as a cost effective approach. So it can be used for the alternative method where its important will be counted and stabilization of soil is the best place where this material can be used up. Therefore, the quantity of waste plastic fiber that is being currently reused or recycled is only a fraction of the total volume produced every year. A treated or stronger sub grade soils shall require relatively thinner section of a flexible pavement as compared to that of an untreated and weaker sub-grade resulting in significant cost advantage. However; in certain cases; especially for low cost embankment/road construction, their cost becomes a prohibitive factor for their wide spread use.

Key words soil stabilization, plastic fibers, methods of stabilization

Paper Title

PRACTICAL EVALUATION ON SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOILS BY USING DIFFERENT MATERIALS

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to upgrade expansive soil as a construction material using Lime and fly ash, which are waste materials. Remolded expansive clay was blended with Lime and fly ash and strength tests were conducted. The potential of Lime-fly ash blend as a swell reduction layer between the footing of a foundation and sub-grade was studied. In order to examine the importance of the study, a cost comparison was made for the preparation of the sub-base of a highway project with and without the admixture stabilizations.
Stress strain behavior of unconfined compressive strength showed that failure stress and strains increased by 106% and 50% respectively when the fly ash content was increased from 0 to 25%. When the Lime content was increased from 0 to 12%, Unconfined Compressive Stress increased by 97% while CBR improved by 47%.
Therefore, a Lime content of 12% and a fly ash content of 25% are recommended for strengthening the expansive sub grade soil. A fly ash content of 15% is recommended for blending into Lime for forming a swell reduction layer because of its satisfactory performance in the laboratory tests.

Key words Soil, Lime, Fly ash.

Paper Title

UTILIZATION OF RED MUD AND POND ASH FOR AMBAKMENTS

Abstract

Red mud a real solid waste\by product produced from the digestion of bauxite ore with caustic soda for the production of alumina. During the past decadal comprehensive work has been carried out by lot of researcher to develop various ways for the utilization of red mud. This paper deals with the basic and engineering property of red mud it’s neutralization and disposal methods as enormous quantity in generation of red mud is creating threatening environmental issues .It also account for production and depiction of red mud in concern with the world and Indian context. The chemical and mineralogical composition of red mud are also resumed up.

Key words Red mud, Bayer’s process, neutralization, disposal, utilization

Paper Title

BEARING CAPACITY OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING RESTING OVER GEOGRID REINFORCED SAND UNDER ECCENTRIC LOADING

Abstract

A number of works have been carried out for the evaluation of a ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundation, supported by geogrid reinforced sand and subjected to centric load. Few experimental studies have been made on the calculation of bearing capacity of shallow foundation on geogrid-reinforced sand under eccentric loading. The ultimate bearing capacity of eccentrically loaded square footings can be computed by knowing the ultimate bearing capacity of square footing under central load and a reduction factor (RkR) for reinforced condition. The reduction factor is developed based on the results of laboratory model tests on geogrid reinforced soil. The ultimate bearing capacity of eccentrically loaded rectangular footing resting over geogrid reinforced sand can be calculated by knowing the ultimate bearing capacity of rectangular footing resting over reinforced sand bed and subjected to central vertical load by using reduction factor (RkR). An equation for reduction factor for rectangular footing resting over geogrid reinforced sand is developed based on laboratory model test results.

Keyword: Ultimate Bearing Capacity, Reinforced Sand Bed, Eccentric Loading.

Paper Title

BLACK COTTON SOIL STABILIZATION BY BIO ENZYMES

Abstract

Engineers often face the problem of constructing facilities on or with soils, which do not posses sufficient strength to support the loads imposed upon them either during construction or during the service life of the structure. Vast areas of India consist of Black Cotton Soil which has high clay content, low strength and minimal bearing capacity. The poor engineering performance of such soils has forced Engineers device cost effective and ecofriendly methods for improving the engineering properties of poor soils. As the conventional soil stabilizers like gravel, sand, etc. are depleting and becoming expensive day by day at a very rapid pace, it becomes necessary to look towards for alternative ecofriendly stabilizers as their substitute. Recently many Bio-enzymes have emerged as cost effective stabilizers for soil stabilization. One such bio-enzyme, Terrazyme, has been used in the present work to study its effect on the Unconfined Compressive strength of the Black Cotton soil. It has been found that Terrazyme treated Black Cotton soil shows significant increase in Unconfined Compressive strength with longer curing period. Bio-enzyme is a natural, non toxic, non flammable, non-corrosive liquid enzyme formulation fermented from vegetable extracts that improves the engineering qualities of soil, facilitates higher soil compaction densities and increases stability.

Key words: Black Cotton Soil, Bio Enzymes, Stabilization Techniques, Fly Ash Comparison’s

Paper Title

SPATIAL DATA FOR BEST KEYWORD COVER SEARCH MINING

Abstract

It is common that the objects in a spatial database (e.g., restaurants/hotels) are associated with keyword(s) to indicate their businesses/services/features. An interesting problem known as Closest Keywords search is t-o query objects, called keyword cover, which together cover a set of query keywords and have the minimum inter-objects distance Spatial queries, such as range search and nearest neighbor retrieval, involve only conditions on objects geometric properties. A spatial database manages multidimensional objects(such as points, rectangles, etc.), and provides fast access to those objects based on different selection criteria.Keyword queries on databases provide easy access to data, but often suffer from low ranking quality, i.e., low precision and/or recall, as shown in recent benchmarks. It would be useful to identify queries that are likely to have low ranking quality to improve the user satisfaction. For instance, the system may suggest to the user alternative queries for such hard queries. In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of hard queries and propose a novel framework to measure the degree of difficulty for a keyword query over a database, considering both the structure and the content of the database and the query results. We evaluate our query difficulty prediction model against two effectiveness benchmarks for popular keyword search ranking methods. we present a suite of optimizations to minimize the incurred time overhead.

Key words: Spatial database, point of interests, keywords, keyword rating, and keyword cover, Inverted Index, Inverted index variants, search engine indexing, postings list.

Paper Title

DETECTING MALICIOUS APP IN FACEBOOK THROUGH FRAPPE CLASSIFIER

Abstract

Online social media services like Facebook witness an exponential increase in user activity when an event takes place in the real world. This activity is a combination of good quality content like information, personal views, opinions, comments, as well as poor quality content like rumours, spam, and other malicious content. Although, the good quality content makes online social media a rich source of information, consumption of poor quality content can degrade user experience, and have inappropriate impact in the real world. In addition, the enormous popularity, promptness, and reach of online social media services across the world makes it essential to monitor this activity, and minimize the production and spread of poor quality content. Multiple studies in the past have analysed the content spread on social networks during real world events. However, little work has explored the Facebook social network. Two of the main reasons for the lack of studies on Facebook are the strict privacy settings, and limited amount of data available from Facebook, as compared to Twitter. With over 1 billion monthly active users, Facebook is about times bigger than its next biggest counterpart Twitter, and is currently, the largest online social network in the world. In this literature survey, we review the existing research work done on Facebook, and study the techniques used to identify and analyse poor quality content on Facebook, and other social networks. We also attempt to understand the limitations posed by Facebook in terms of availability of data for collection, and analysis, and try to understand if existing techniques can be used to identify and study poor quality content on Facebook

Key words: Online social networks, Spam, Malicious Campaigns, Security and Protection : Access controls, Verification.

Paper Title

SOIL STABILIZATION USING GEOPOLYMER AND BIOPOLYMER

Abstract

As stabilization of soil improves its engineering properties, chemical and mechanical stabilization processes are in use. In the present study two difficult soils; expansive soil and dispersive soil are stabilized with geopolymer and biopolymer. Sodium based alkaline activators and fly ash as an additive is used as geopolymer and Xanthan gum and Guar gum are used as biopolymers. The effectiveness of geopolymer is studied in terms of unconfined compressive strength (UCS), differential free swelling (DFS), swelling pressure (SP), durability and dispersion tests. The swelling pressure got reduced by 97.14% finally with addition of 40% fly ash and 15% bentonite. The dispersion test showed bentonite to be an extremely dispersive soil, whose dispersiveness is controlled by addition of alkali activated fly ash. From UCS and durability test it is observed that bentonite added with 40% fly ash and 10% solution gave better results. The effectiveness of biopolymer is studied based on UCS tests on dispersive soil and pond ash at their moisture content. For dispersive soil, durability, dispersion and DFS tests are also done. It is observed that dispersive soil and pond ash mixed with various percentages of Xanthan gum and Guar gum are not dispersive and are more durable than ordinary bottom ash and dispersive soil samples. Guar gum is found to imparts higher confined compressive strength and durability than Xanthan gum.

Paper Title

GEO ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF LIME TREATED PLASTIC SOILS

Abstract

For a long time, we are facing problems like failures of small and big structures. The biggest problem behind this is swelling soils. This is very unstable soil. Its property varies from hard to soft and dry to wet. It exhibits swelling and shrinkage with different water content. As a result, many structures usually face excessive settlement and differential movements, which causes damage to foundation systems and other structural elements. We are aware about this situation for a long time, but unable to make improvements due to absence of technologies till now.
Expansive soils are found in many parts of the world like Burma, South Africa, Western USA, Cuba, Spain, Russia and Indonesia, etc. In India it is found in Rajasthan, Tamilnadu, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Orissa.
Plastic soils undergo swelling and shrinkage causes severe distress and damage to the structure overlaying. Lime has been used as a soil stabilizer from Roman times. Through physico-chemical modifications, lime can control the plasticity, swelling and shrinkage of soil effectively. Also, lime can stabilize soil through cementation which increases strength and stiffness remarkably. This soil modification using lime depends on the type of soil and its mineralogy, lime content and compaction condition with curing period. The stabilizing effect of lime has been studied by a number of researchers. The minerals present in the soil has found to affect the engineering properties of stabilized material and the optimum lime content.

Keywords: Soils, Lime Stabilization, plastic soils.

Paper Title

MULTI OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE RETAINING WALL

Abstract

The optimum design of reinforced cement concrete cantilever (RCC) can be solved in the for the minimum cost satisfying required external and internal stability criteria. For high level decision making, an ideal optimization should give the optimized cost vis-a-vis corresponding factor of safety (FOS) against external stability like bearing, sliding and overturning, which is known as multi-objective optimization problem. In the present work multi-objective optimization of the RCC retaining wall is presented with conflicting objectives of minimum cost and maximum factor of safety against external stability. The Pareto-optimal front is presented using an evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithm, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The results are compared with that obtained using single objective optimization of minimizing the cost. Based on the results a guideline for the optimum dimensioning of the RCC cantilever retaining wall is presented.

Keywords: Paretrol-Optimal Front, FOS, RCC Cantilever.

Paper Title

STABILIZATION OF EXPANSIVE SOIL USING ALKALI ACTIVATED FLYASH

Abstract

Soil is a peculiar material. Some waste materials such Fly Ash, rice husk ash, pond ash may use to make the soil to be stable. Addition of such materials will increase the physical as well as chemical properties of the soil. Some expecting properties to be improved are CBR value, shear strength, liquidity index, plasticity index, unconfined compressive strength and bearing capacity etc. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Fly Ash derived from combustion of sub-bituminous coal at electric power plants in stabilization of soft fine-grained red soils. California bearing ratio (CBR) and other strength property tests were conducted on soil. The soil is in range of plasticity, with plasticity indices ranging between 25 and 30. Tests were conducted on soils and soil–Fly Ash mixtures prepared at optimum water content of 9% .Addition of Fly Ash resulted in appreciable increases in the CBR of the soil. For water contents 9% wet of optimum, CBRs of the soils are found in varying percentage such that 3,5,6and 9.We will found optimum CBR value of the soil is 6%.Increment of CBR value is used to reduce the thickness of the pavement. And increasing the bearing capacity of soil.
Expansive soils, popularly known as highly problematic soils. In India more than 1/3rd of soils are expansive soils. These are highly challenging soils in the construction of structures like buildings, dams, pavements etc. The alternate Swelling and Shrinkage they undergo due to seasonal moisture changes result in distress of structure founded in/on such soils. The settlements under foundations of the expansive soils, there by decreases and the environment pollution can be reduced by utilizing the waste from power plant. From the investigation the properties of expansive are improved with increase in number of days of curing with fly ash

Keywords: Expansive soils, California bearing ratio, peculiar material.

Paper Title

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF EFFECT OF REINFORCEMENT ON STRESS-STRAIN BEAHAVIOUR

Abstract

In India, approximately 73% of total install power production capability is from thermal in which coal-based production contributing 90%. Most of the thermal power stations and several captive power plants used bituminous and sub-bituminous coal and produced large quantities of fly ash as a residue and these are disposed of on-site impoundments behind engineered earth dam. The country’s faith on coal for power production has unchanged. Thus fly ash management is a cause of concern for the future. One of the finest applications of fly ash is using it as a construction material as embankments, fills and others.
In the present study, an attempt had made to learn the properties of fly ash and properties of GI reinforcement and effect of the reinforcement on the stress-strain behavior of fly ash. A comprehensive set of laboratory uni- axial compression tests were carried out on fly ash with dry density and different optimum moisture content (OMC) which are obtained from standard proctor test. Uni- axial compression tests are done on fly ash with and without reinforcement. The above procedure repeated using dry density and optimum moisture content obtained from the modified proctor test. The stress strain behavior was analyzed by changing galvanized (GI) reinforcement numbers and location. The influence on number & location of GI iron reinforcement on stress strain behavior of sample were studied. It was observed that the inclusion of GI reinforcement increases the peak stress; axial strain at failure. It is observed that increase the numbers of GI reinforcement effect of reinforcement on fly ash also decrease and also observed that decrease the percentage of moisture content strength of fly ash increase. In general, inclusion of reinforcement in fly ash layer can greatly increase the strength, stiffness of fly ash layer thereby comparable strength can be obtained even with decrease of thickness of layer.

Keywords: Uni-axial Compression Test, GI Effect, Stress-Strain Behavior, Fly ash.

Paper Title

GEO ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENT FLYASH DEPOSIT STABILIZATION BY LIME PILE

Abstract

Black cotton soil is considered to be problematic soil as it show major volume changes due to change in its moisture content. This volume change cause wide spread damages to building and roads necessitating stabilization of such soil prior to the construction. The present paper investigates the effectiveness of different stabilizing agent viz. lime, cement and fly ash with soil for improving its engineering properties. Soil samples were collected from district Morena, in state of Madhya Pradesh, in order to look in to the relative effectiveness, and arrive at appropriate proportion of stabilizing. (1) Lime, (2) Cement, (3) Fly ash alone and combination of (1) Lime– Cement, (2) Cement–Fly ash, (3) Fly ash-Lime are used to stabilize the soil. Quantity of stabilizing agent varied from 2% to 10% of the soil weight and the performance is evaluated by observing variation in various engineering properties like Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index.

Keywords: Fly ash, Lime, Cement, Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, Plasticity Index and soil stabilization.

Paper Title

EFFECT OF CURING TEMPERATURE ON THE STRENGTH OF LIME STABILIZED FLY ASH

Abstract

In India major source of power generation is coal based thermal power plants .where 57% of the total power generated is from coal-based thermal power plant. High ash content is found to be in range of 30% to 50% in Indian coal. The quantum of Fly Ash produced depends on the quality of coal used and the operating conditions of thermal power plants. Presently the annual production of Fly Ash in India is about 112 million tonnes with 65000 acre of land being occupied by ash ponds and is expected to cross 225 million tonnes by the year 2017. Such a huge quantity does cause challenging problems, in the form of land usage, health hazards and environmental dangers. Both in disposal as well as in utilization, utmost care has to be taken to safeguard the interest of human life, wild life and environment. Fly ash is generally classified into two types; Class C and Class F. Class C fly ash contains high calcium content which is highly reactive with water even in absence of lime. Class F ash contains lower percentage of lime. The main work carried out is to investigate the suitability of class F fly ash, containing CaO as low as 1.4%, modified with added lime as a construction material in different civil engineering fields. Slurry disposal lagoons/ settling tanks can become breeding grounds for mosquitoes and bacteria. It can also contaminate the under-ground water resources with traces of toxic metals present in it. Then comparison study has been done between sealed and unsealed samples. Then to study the effect of curing period on CBR value stabilized Fly ash samples were made with different percentage of lime (0%, 2%, 4%, 8%, and 12%) at a MDD and OMC corresponding to the compaction energy of 593 and 2483 kJ/m3 and these samples were cured for 7 days and 30 days with soaking period of 4 days for soaked samples. Comparison study has been done between soaked and unsoaked CBR with varying compactive energy and curing period simultaneously.

Keywords: Lime Stabilization, Curving Temperature, CBR, Fly ash.

Paper Title

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUNDNUT SEED

Abstract

Groundnut production & utilization in India has tripled in last some decades due to its high nutritive value the chemical quality & seeds of Indian groundnut are different from those of other country. This study was initiated to examine the nutritional quality of 20 groundnut varieties grown in India dry sample were examined for oil content, crude protein total carbohydrates, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, copper, iron and manganese, result from these analysis show variations. There was a general decrease in the proximate composition after exposures to different heating methods but there was variation in the mineral content of the seeds after heating. Kopargoan verity groundnut is used for this analysis.

Keywords: Proximate composition, nutritional quality, variation, exposour.

Paper Title

SYNCHRONIZATION TOOLS AND MANAGEMENT TOOLS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Abstract

Rapidly increasing demand of computation on business process, information centers and huge file transfers results in develop a replacement reasonably technology that give services for computational need, storage in high secure and manageable approach. Cloud computing answers our technological ambitions by introducing completely different types of service platforms in low value and a high computational atmosphere. During this paper we discuss completely different domain of analysis and innovations in cloud computing domain. In addition this paper provides a literature for challenges and problems in cloud computing environment.

Keywords:Cloud computing, research, challenges.

Paper Title

PROTECTION SAVING POSITIONED MULTI KEYWORD SCAN FOR MULTIPLE DATA OWNERS IN CLOUD COMPUTING

Abstract

With the coming of cloud computing, it has turned out to be progressively prevalent for data owners to outsource their information to open cloud servers while permitting information clients to recover this information. For protection concerns, secure inquiries over scrambled cloud information have spurred a few research works under the single proprietor model. Notwithstanding, most cloud servers by and by don’t simply serve one proprietor; rather, they bolster various proprietors to share the advantages brought by distributed computing. In this paper, we propose plans to manage Privacy safeguarding Ranked Multi-keyword Search in a Multi-proprietor demonstrate (PRMSM). To empower cloud servers to perform secure inquiry without knowing the genuine information of both keywords and trapdoors, we deliberately build a novel secure inquiry convention. To rank the indexed lists and safeguard the security of pertinence scores amongst watchwords and records, we propose a novel Additive Order and Privacy Preserving Function family. To keep the aggressors from listening in mystery keys and putting on a show to be legitimate information clients submitting looks, we propose a novel element mystery key era convention and another information client verification convention. Besides, PRMSM underpins proficient information client denial. Broad analyses on genuine datasets affirm the viability and proficiency of PRMSM.

Keywords:Cloud Computing, Ranked Multi key word Search, Privacy Preserving.

Paper Title

PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF TIG WELDING USING TAGUCHI METHOD

Abstract

The present study pertains to the improvement of tensile strength of mild steel weld specimen made of Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding. L9 Orthogonal array (OA) of TAGUCHI Method has been used to conduct the experiments using several levels of current, gas flow rate and filler rod diameter. Statistical techniques analysis of variance (ANOVA), signal-to –noise(S/N) ratio and graphical main effect plots have been used to study the effects of welding parameters on tensile strength of weld specimen. Optimum parametric condition obtained by TAGUCHI method.
Keywords:Tungsten inert Gas welding , TAGUCHI Method, Tensile strength, analysis of variance , signal – to –noise ratio , Optimum parametric condition.

Paper Title

THE ANALYSIS OF THERMAL LOADS ON EXHAUST VALVE DURING COMBUSTION WITH VARIOUS BLENDED FUELS

Abstract

The va lves utilized in the IC engines ar of 3 types: poppet valve or mushroom valve or Sleeve va lve or Rotary valves of those 3 sorts, valve is most ordinarily used. Since each the inlet and exhaust valves are subjected to high temp eratures of 1930°C to 2200°C throughout the ability stro ke, therefore, it’s necessary that the materials of the valves ought to stand up to these temperatures. The temperature at the recess valve is a smaller amount compared to exhaust valve. so the recess valve is usually manufactured from nickel chromium alloy steel and exhaust valve is made of Silicon-chromium steel. Automobile engines are usually petrol, diesel or petrol engines. Gasoline engines are Spark Ignition eng ines and diesel engines are Compression Ig nition eng ines. Amalgamated fuels are mixtures of an cient and various fuels in va ried percen tages. during this thesis, the result of gasoline, diesel and amalgamated fuels on valve is studied by mathematical correlations applying thermal hundreds created throughout combustion. Amalgamated fuels are sometimes ethyl alcohol fuels amalgamated in several percentages. Percentages vary from 100 pc, 15 th a nd 25 th august
1945. Internal combustion engin es ma nufacture exhaustgases at extraordinarily high temperatures and pressures. As these h ot gases underg o the valve, temperatures of the valve, valve seat, and stem increase. To avoid any injury to the valve assembly, hea t is transferred from the valve through totally different elements, particularly the valve seat insert throughout the opening and closing cycle as they are ava ilable into contact with one another. In this th esis, a finite-element technique is employed for modeling the thermal Analysis of an valve. The temp erature distribution andresultant thermal stress are evaluted carefull analasis are performed to estimate the boundry condition of an enclosed combustion engine. During this thesis proe is used for modeling and ANSYS is employed for analasis of the valve
Keywords:Blended fuels, combustion, exhaust valve, transient therma l.

Paper Title

PERCUSSION AND TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SINGLE AND DOUBLE PASSED FSW ON AA6082 IN AIR & WATER

Abstract

Welding is a process of joining similar anddissimilar metals by application of heat and pressure. Welding process is used commonly tojoin the missals like mild steel, aluminum,copper, magnesium, etc. In this experimental work proposed to conduct with FSW techniqueon dissimilar Al plates (AA6082), the process is arried out with double sided friction stirwelding. The post welds are observed underwater and air. The percussion and tensileproperties like tensile strength, Hardness,percentage of elongation are planned to study.
Keywords:Friction stirs welding (FSW),underwater, percussion properties, tensileproperties, AA6082.

Paper Title

ENHANCEMENT OF COMPACT HEAT EXCHANGERS IN DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES – A REVIEW

Abstract

In many industrial applications compact heat exchangers role became important because to enhance of heat transfer rate and for better performance. Further the compact heat exchangers are being considered for heavy duties to increase more heat transfer by involving the phase change processes at boiling and also condensation. Heat transfer enhancement plays an important role in many industries. Their applications include heat exchanger, air conditioning, heating and cooling in evaporators, chemical reactors and refrigeration systems. There are different techniques to enhance heat transfer such as active, passive or a combination of both. Several techniques are used to increase heat transfer and decrease cost and size of equipment. During design of compact heat exchangers, proper selection of passive insert is done according to heat exchanger working conditions. Compact heat exchangers the phase change vitally important. But for those compact heat exchangers, which have long been used for boiling and condensation duties, the design procedures are based on local two-phase characteristics. As new type of compact heat exchanger with modified design and with enhancement are capable of handling single phase as well as phase change duties. These new exchangers are being increasingly used in single-phase applications, and at the same time, they are also being considered for two-phase duties.
Keywords:

Paper Title

STUDY AND RESEARCH ON ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES WITH FGM COMPOSITES FOR PRESSURE VESSEL- A REVIEW

Abstract

Investigates a new technology to create functionally graded material (FGM) by additive manufacturing (AM). In particular, this paper focuses on creating grapheme-polymer composite FGM by laser-based sintering processes. Grapheme- polymer composites have received high attention in AM due to their excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical strength. However, AM of the grapheme-polymer composites have a huge challenge to overcome. The stress and strain solutions in laminated composite vessels are then investigated. Finally, modeling of FGM vessel reinforced by composite laminates with different lay-up is taken into consideration. The obtained results demonstrate that in the cylindrical shell reinforced by laminated composites, the maximum stress is considerably less than the maximum stress in the pressure vessels made of just composites or FGMs. Relevant to various aspects of theory and applications of FGM are reflected in this paper. They include homogenization of particulate FGM, heat transfer issues, stress, stability and dynamic analyses, testing, manufacturing and design, applications, and fracture. The critical areas where further research is needed for a successful implementation of FGM in design are outlined in the conclusions.
Keywords:

Paper Title

STUDY ON OPTIMIZATION OF AIR FOIL USING DIFFERENT CFD APPROACHES

Abstract

Optimization techniques are commonly used as fluid flow control in air foil equipment’s in many engineering applications. Thus it’s more and more essential to know the flow characteristic inside the air foil. Due to the fast progress of the flow simulation and numerical technique, it becomes possible to observe the flows inside aair foil and to estimate the performance of aair foil. This review presents the modeling and simulation of the flow components. The flow system with globe air foils is complex structure and has non-linear characteristics, because the construction and the hydraulic phenomena are associated of globe air foils. In this paper, three-dimensional CFD simulations were conducted to observe the flow patterns and to measure air foil optimization when flow component air foil with different flow rate and constant pressure drop across the air foil were used in aair foil system. Furthermore, the results of the three-dimensional analysis can be used in the design of low noise and high efficiency air foil for industry.
Keywords: