Paper Title

A STUDY ON THREATENED RISKS FOR CLOUD COMPUTING SECURITY & HOW TO OVERCOME THESE RISKS

Abstract

Cloud computing is a network based or internet based technology, which gives dynamic resource services for the customer on demands. It moves data away from desktop & PCs into large data centers. Cloud services are delivered from data centers through the world .It is a totally internet based service. It uses as a pay-per-use pattern through the network. Cloud computing is a service of „Networks of Networks‟. Third party involvements also present there. So secure architecture is important to keep Cloud computing data safe from the beginning cloud computing, it provides better service, low-cost services etc .Despite that there are several threatened risks in cloud computing, the aim of this paper is to study on “Threatened risks for cloud computing security & how to overcome those risks”.

Keywords : – Cloud computing; cloud security; threatened risks; Mitigation process; security tools.

Paper Title

ANALYSIS OF SPUR GEAR

Abstract

Spur gear teeth failure due to fatigue because of high stress at root filet is a common phenomenon observed. Therefore significant research activities have been undertaken to reduce the root fillet stress and it has been established that it is possible to reduce the bending stress in spur gear by introducing circular and elliptical stress relief features. However no significant work is carried out on optimization of the stress relief parameters for minimum bending stress. Slight reduction in the root tensile stress results in great increase in the fatigue life of a gear. If gear fails in tensile fatigue, the results are catastrophic and occur with little or no warnings. Therefore for all the reasons mentioned above, this work is of more practical importance. In present work finite element method is adopted to determine the root fillet stress. The parameters of stress relief features are optimized to minimize the root fillet stress and validated using photo elastic experimental method. A three teeth gear segment is considered for finite element analysis. The gear segment is meshed with two dimensional 8 node plane stress elements, point load is applied at the highest point of single tooth contact. Boundary conditions of zero displacements along the base and radial edge are applied. The spur gear with a pressure angle 20 to 25 with an increment of 2.5 and profile shift factor -0.2 to 0.2 with an increment of 0.1 with a number of teeth equals to 30 to 80 with a step of 10 are considered for analysis. The best result obtained from the above configurations is confirmed by validating the result with the Photoelastic method. It is found that maximum percentage of reduction in root fillet stress in spur gear by introducing optimized circular stress relief feature is 23 %.

Keywords : – spur gear, SRF, HPSTC, APDL, Photoelasticity.

Paper Title

INTELLIGENT FOOD GRAIN IDENTIFIER FOR BLIND PEOPLE

Abstract

This paper presents the study of identification and classification of different food grains using different colour models, the purpose is evaluation of both software and hardware colour identification tools which is used to assist complete blind and colour-blind people in their daily activities. Blind people face a number of challenges to interact with their environments because so much information is encoded visually. Texture and colour features are the important features used in the classification of different objects. The local features like Haralick features are computed from co-occurrence matrix as texture features and global features from cumulative histogram are computed along with colour features. The experiment was carried out for different classes of food grains. Minimum distance classifier is used to identify and classify the different types of food grains using local and global features. The non-uniformity of RGB colour space is eliminated by L*a*b, HSV, HSI and YCbCr colour space. The correct classification result achieved for different colour models is quite good.

Keywords : colour identification tools, co-occurrence matrix, Haralick, histogram, RGB, L*a*b, HSV, HSI, YCbCr.

Paper Title

TEXT DETECTION AND RECOGNITION FROM IMAGES

Abstract

Text detection from images is important for the content based image analysis. To understand the contents of an image or valuable information, it is necessary to analyze the text appearing on it.Various methods have been proposed over past years for text detection and extraction from different types of images like born digital image,scene image and document image. Text detection and extraction is hard due to the intricate background, different alignment of text size, orientation in images. In this paper we propose Wavelet with Canny edge detection, and connect component hieristic filter are used for the detection of text and character recognition form natural scene images and document images.

Keywords : Text detection, character recognition, text extraction, scene image, document image.

Paper Title

EFFECT OF ADDITION OF FENUGREEK SEED POWDER AND OAT FLOUR ON EXTRUDATES PRODUCTS PROCESS VARIABLE ON PHYSICAL PARAMETERS

Abstract

The study of effect of fenugreek seed powder and oat flour on macrostructure and physical properties of extruded products viz. bulk density, lateral expansion, water absorbance index, water sorption index. Based on Preliminary evaluation, proportions of fenugreek seed powder and oat flour were varied in the range of 1% to 5% and 3% to 15%. As increased in fenugreek seed powder and oat flour results increased in lateral expansion and decreased water solubility index. While water absorption index decreased with increased in fenugreek seed powder and increased with oat flour addition.

Keywords : Extrusion, Fenugreek seed powder, Oat flour, Macrostructure.

Paper Title

ANALYSIS OF HYBRID RES BASED AC AND DC MICRO GRID ON POSITIONING OF SFCL

Abstract

Nowadays, the main energy supplier of the worldwide economy is fossil fuel. However has led to many problems such as global warming and air pollution. Therefore, with regard to the worldwide trend of green energy, Fuel cell technology has become one of the most promising energy resources. Smart grid will integrate modern communication technologies and renewable energy resources into the future power grid, in order to supply more efficient, reliable, resilient and responsive electric power. In this paper, an application of superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is proposed to limit the fault current that occurs in power system, SFCL is a device that uses superconductors to instantaneously limit or reduce unanticipated electrical surges that may occur on utility distribution and transmission networks. Due to the difficulty in power network reinforcement and the interconnection of more distributed generations, fault current level has become a serious problem in transmission and distribution system operations. The utilization of fault current limiters (FCLs) in power system provides an effective way to suppress fault currents and result in considerable saving in the investment of high capacity circuit breakers is felt. In this work, a resistive type SFCL model was implemented by integrating Simulink and SimPowerSystem blocks in Matlab. The designed SFCL model could be easily utilized for determining an impedance level of SFCL according to the fault-current-limitation requirements of various kinds of the smart grid system. Three phase faults have been simulated at different locations in smart grid and the effect of the SFCL and its location on the wind farm fault current was evaluated. Fuel cell, PV Cell and Wind farm were considered and their performance is also evaluated.

Keywords : Fault current, micro grid, smart grid, superconducting fault current limiter, wind farm.

Paper Title

BEHAVIOR OF COLD-FORMED STEEL STRUCTURAL MEMBERS WITH PERFORATIONS SUBJECTED TO COMPRESSION LOADING

Abstract

Cold-formed steel sections are widely used in building structures, storage racks, bus body construction, railway coaches etc., The use of light gauge steel sections is not new but it was being used in the form of corrugated sheet to serve as roof covering‘s. However, its use has increased considerably in the recent past. The cold-formed structural members are used in preference to the usual hot-rolled sections in the following situations. In this paper we carried out compression tes

Paper Title

A REVIEW AND CASE STUDY ON TAGUCHI OPTIMIZATION OF MACHINING PARAMETERS FOR MILD STEEL USING SNR METHOD

Abstract

This study is intended to present a straightforward and computationally efficient methodology for optimizing the machining parameters of mild steel in CNC milling machine. In this paper SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) method is applied to get the optimum machining parameters for finishing operation of mild steel by using the CNC milling machine and high speed steel tool. The optimum selection of machining parameters plays a significant role to ensure the quality of product, to reduce the machining process cost and to increase the productivity. In this case we present the optimization aspects of machining parameters of mild steel material by using the Taguchi methods on CNC milling machine with high speed steel tool. In addition, a new ANOVA analysis on the L9 orthogonal array with three factors is performed and results indicate that among the parameters considered (i.e., the tool rotational speed, transverse speed, and the axial force), the most significant parameter on the machining quality is the rotational speed, followed by the axial force and transverse speed.A L9 orthogonal array and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are applied to study the performance characteristics of machining parameter (spindle speed, feed, depth and width) with consideration of high surface finish and high material removal rate (MRR). ANOVA was used to find out the level of significance of machining parameters and finally in the end the confirmation experiment was conducted to validate the effectiveness of the present work. The results obtained by the Taguchi method and SNR will be closely related to the most effective factor to the surface roughness. For estimating the predicted value of the multiple regression equation are formulated by the value of material removal rate and surface roughness.

Keywords: CNC milling machine, machining process, material removal rate (MRR), Taguchi method, ANOVA , S/N Ratio MRR&SR, L9 orthogonal array.

Paper Title

A DECISION SUPPORT STUDY ON REMEDIAL MEASURES TO THE PROBLEMS IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Environment is part of a human system, and it must be protected. Based on the present scenario sustainability is necessary for all human systems. It is necessary to invoke the sustainable development principles in all human systems. “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable development is understood as a development that does not erode ecological, social or political systems on which it depends, but it explicitly approves ecological limitation under the economic activity frame and it has full comprehension for support of human needs. Sustainable management takes the concepts from sustainability and synthesizes them with the concepts of management. Sustainability has three branches: the environment, the needs of present and future generations, and the economy. The paper summarises the conditions for sustainable development, tools, methods and techniques to resolve the environmental problems and the tasks of executive governance in the environmental scenario.

Keywords: [Environment. Human System. Sustainability. Sustainability Management. Methods and Tools]

Paper Title

ANALYSIS OF DCT AND DWT COMPRESSION TECHNIQUE USING JPEG IMAGE

Abstract

JPEG is a commonly used image compression method. We use machine learning techniques to predict DCT and DWT coefficients and pixel values in a compressed image. In this work the identification of good and bad quality of image is focused on the methods using MATLAB. Wavelets perform well only at linear features but not at nonlinear discontinuities because they do not use the geometric properties of structures. DWT separates image into high and low frequency components. High frequency components define contrast of an image. Enhancement is done in two steps namely local enhancement and global enhancement. Local enhancement is based on contrast measure and improves contrast. Global enhancement is needed for overall image quality improvement. A block-oriented discrete cosine transforms compression/decompression implementation based on the Joint Photographic Experts Group Standard for Still Image Compression. Experimental results show pre-compression using our method can improve the performance of JPEG 2000 format.The main contribution of the paper is that analysis is carried out from the viewpoint of compressed image visual quality. Several coders for which the compression ratio is controlled in different manner are considered. We analyze and discuss encryption schemes for JPEG2000 based on the wavelet packet transform with a key dependent sub band structure.

Keywords: Image compression, DWT, DCT, JPEG Compression.

Paper Title

FREQUENT SUB GRAPH MINING AS NEW TREND IN SOCIAL NETWORK

Abstract

Mining graph data is the extraction of novel and useful knowledge from a graph representation of data. The most natural form of knowledge that can be extracted from graphs is also a graph, we referred it as patterns. Frequent sub graph pattern mining is a one of the most popular research topics in data mining. Aim of graph mining is finding interesting patterns within data that represent novel knowledge. Now a day frequent sub graph mining used in various domains like in chemical compounds, social networks, biological networks etc. Mining patterns from graph database is difficult because of sub graph testing and their different operations. This paper gives the idea about different sub graph algorithms based on their approaches. This paper investigates on comparison of graph mining algorithms and techniques for finding the frequent patterns. The research goals are directed at: (i) effective mechanisms for generating candidate sub graphs (without generating duplicates) and (ii) how best to process the generated candidate sub graphs so as to identify the desired frequent sub graphs in a way that is computationally efficient and procedurally effective.

Keywords: Graph, Frequent sub graph, Social Network, A-priori Based approach, Pattern-growth approach

Paper Title

JPEG IMAGE DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM COMPRESSION USING MATLAB

Abstract

Image Enhancement technique is one of the most popular and crucial methods in image research. The goal of image enhancement is to enhance the visual appearance of an image, or to provide a better transform representation for future automated image processing. Image Enhancement methods which improve the clarity of images for human viewing, removing blurring and noise, increasing contrast, and revealing details are examples of enhancement operations. The enhancement technique differs from one field to another according to its objective. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been justified over some real images, and the performance of the algorithm has been compared with other common compression standards. We analyze image resolution enhancement technique based on the interpolation of the high-frequency sub bands acquired by discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the input image. The proposed resolution enhancement technique uses DWT to break down the input image into different sub bands. Various image enhancement techniques are being used for developing an image, which includes gray scale manipulation, Binary image manipulation, RGB image manipulation and index image manipulation. This is implemented in software using MATLAB Wavelet Toolbox and 2D-DWT technique. The experiments and results are carried out on .jpeg format images. These results provide a good reference for application developers to choose a good wavelet compression system for their application.

Keywords: Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), JPEG Compression, Image Compression, MATLAB

Paper Title

EMPIRICAL STUDY OF CLASSIFICATION DATA MINING ALGORITHM USING GPS TRAJECTORY

Abstract

The knowledge of the travelling mode used by humans (e.g. bicycle, on foot, car, and train) is critical for travel behavior research, transport planning and traffic management. Nowadays, new technologies such as the GPS have replaced traditional survey methods (paper diaries, telephone) since they are more accurate and problems such as under reporting are avoided. GPS Receiver gets the location information from satellites in the form of latitude and longitude. The presented application is a low cost solution for automobile position and status, very useful in case of car theft situations, for monitoring adolescent drivers by their parents as well as in car tracking system applications. Assembly of these modules will enable the tracking device to obtain GPS data of the bus locations, which will then transfer it to centralized control unit and depict it by activating LEDs in the approximate geographic positions of the buses on the route map. The proposed approach is the first to distinguish between motorized transportation modes such as bus, car and aboveground train with such high accuracy. Additionally, if a user is travelling by bus, we provide further information about which particular bus the user is riding. Five different inference models including Naïve Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron, SMO, KStar and J48 algorithms are tested in the experiments. The final classification system is deployed and available to the public

Keywords: Performance, Vehicle tracking, Real-time systems, GPS.

Paper Title

HIGH STRENGTH ALLOY PREPARATION WITH METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Composites are a mixture of two or more distinct components. One component is called the matrix (continuous phase) such as ceramic, metallic or polymeric, while the other distinct phase is interspersed within this matrix, lending different and improved properties to the material as a whole. The properties of the composite have to be different from those of the individual components that make up the composite. The process of making this material is by methods such as mixing; for example, when ceramic particles are well blended into a metal matrix leads to a ceramic–metal composite. In the present work the matrix composites are prepared as aluminium 6061 as constant and it is reinforced with Ni and TiB2. The whole process of fabrication and cast taken in stir casting methods with 600 rpm of stirrer. The composite is casted in block and the specimens prepared for tensile hardness and microstructure analysis. The mach inability of the specimens is observed during machining process. Metal matrix composites produced by stir casting method have more advantages compare with other methods. Experiments were conducted by varying weight fraction of TiB2 (4%, 8% and 12%), and Ni (2%,4%,6%)while keeping all other parameters constant. The wear mechanism was studied through worn surface and wear analysis as well as microscopic examination of the wear tracks. This study revealed that the addition of TiB2 with Ni improves the wear resistance of aluminium composites. The results showed that increasing the mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, wear resistance and hardness caused by the percentage of TiB2 and Ni present in the samples when compared to the only addition of TiB2.

Keywords: MMC preparation, stir cast methods, sample preparation of high strength aluminium alloys, mach inability

Paper Title

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SMART COMPOSITE PLATE UNDER THERMAL ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

The application of piezoelectric actuators for static shape control composite plate with different substrate layer configuration is investigated in this thesis. Electro-mechanically coupled mathematical model is used for the analysis. This project aims to present the structural and electrical chrematistics of piezoelectric actuators integrated with composite plate. The major section of this thesis is the static shape control. Shape control is defined here as the determination of shape control parameters, including actuation voltage and actuator orientation configuration, such that the structure that is activated using these parameters will conform as close as possible to the desired shape. A finite element model for shape control analysis of piezoelectric laminated composite plate using Ansys is presented in this thesis. Elastic field and electric field of the piezoelectric laminated composite plate has been coupled through the linear piezoelectric constitutive equations. Piezoelectric actuators and sensors are modeled as additional layers either to be surface bonded or embedded in the laminated composite plate. A finite element software Ansys is used to model and was successfully validated with experimental and numerical results that are readily available in the literatures. The effects of actuator voltage, actuator orientation, and substrate fiber orientation and actuator placement along the thickness direction have been simulated and analyzed using the present model. The present analysis shows that with the application of appropriate voltage to piezoelectric actuator, desired shape of the composite plate can be obtained.

KEYWORDS: Composite plate, actuator, sensor, FEM.

Paper Title

COMPUTER AIDED PROCESS PLANNING FOR MULTI-AXIS CNC MACHINING FIXTURE

Abstract

This dissertation provides new methods for the general area of Computer Aided Process Planning, often referred to as CAPP. It specifically focuses on 3 challenging problems in the area of multi-axis CNC machining process using feature free polygonal CAD models.

The first research problem involves a new method for the rapid machining of Multi-Surface Parts. These types of parts typically have different requirements for each surface, for example, surface finish, accuracy, or functionality. The present paper discuss about the necessity of jigs and fixture design for multiple surfaces machining. Even though multiple axis presenting there is a need of process planning of CNC machining is required to get better results.
KEYWORDS: CAPP, Necessity of fixture planning, multiple surface machining.

Paper Title

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOR OF CENT PERCENT ARTIFICIAL SAND CONCRETE AND THE ROLE OF SILICA FUME IN IT

Abstract

Since the food cloth and shelter are the most basic needs of mankind. Food and clothes have become cheaper whereas the shelter is becoming day by day costlier, hence affecting the poorest of the poor. The concrete is the basic ingredient for the shelter for mankind now days. Since the huge quantum of constructions is going on every where the cost and non availability of Natural River bedded sand which is the basic ingredient of concrete is touching the sky. Civil engineering scientists are bending upon investigating the substitute source to natural river bedded sand utilization as fine aggregates in concrete. With the motive of solving the burning basic problem facing by mankind the author has taken up the study with his own financial contribution. Herein after quarrying and manufacturing of coarse aggregates, the powdered form of material is thrown away; in fact it found that this powdered left out form of the material becoming dust and polluting the atmosphere at many instances. The author utilized this powdered form of the material as fine aggregates in concretes of grade M15 and M25 after performing the necessary tests on it and passing it through IS 4.75 mm sieve. The cubes of standard sizes 15cmx15cmx15cm were cast in 96 numbers in concrete material casting area of KCT Engineering College Kalburgi. After curing them for 3, 7, 21, and 28 days cubes were tested in compressive testing machine. Positive results were obtained by the author at 28 days of curing, at 8% of silica fume incorporation as a replacement to cement highest strength is achieved in the concrete, which is good enough to be substituted as structural concrete.
KEYWORDS: Silica fume, artificial sand, compressive strength, compressive testing machine, IS sieves..

Paper Title

CREATIVE DESIGN OF A FLIP TOP CAP MOLD

Abstract

Plastic closures incorporating a flip top cap are in high demand in pharmaceutical, processing and packaging industries. The use for quality and cost are driving the industries to search for improved cap closing solutions.
Creative design on flip top cap mold provides a complete changeover which is very simple and quick. It is the work process which has a user perspective.
The project deals with the creative design and analysis of the mold. Creative design is either to identify the defects and find a solution, and makes the necessary changes during the design process or to improvise the given design for better performance. Here we tried to improvise the design by making a major change in the hinge which acts like the back bone of the flip top cap.
A mold required to produce flip top cap in injection molding is designed according to the chosen cap. The 3 dimensional (3D) view of the cap was designed using computer-aided design (CAD) software Creo Parametric 2.0. The cap thus created was then used to create top and bottom cavity inserts of the mold. The manufacture feature of Creo is used to extract the core and cavity and also to locate positions for inserts that are necessary to complete the mold design. Final step is to create mold base assembly using Expert Mold base Extension (EMX) in Pro-E, which completes the whole design process of the flip top cap mold.
In order to perform structural and thermal analysis, a 3D model is designed in Solid Works. Which is then imported to Ansys Workbench 15.0 where analysis (structural and thermal) is carried out? Optimum thickness of the plate and the temperature of the plastic flow was obtained?
KEYWORDS: creative design, creo parametric2.0, expert mold base extension, ansys workbench.

Paper Title

FABRICATION OF CARBON NANO TUBE BY ADDING NANO FLYASH TO ALUMINA

Abstract

The application spectrum of low cost material reinforced metal matrix composites is growing rapidly in various engineering fields due to their superior mechanical properties. In the present study it is proposed to explore the possibilities of reinforcing aluminium alloy (AlSiC) with locally available inexpensive rice husk and fly ash for developing a new composite material. A rice husk and fly ash particles of 5, 10 and 15% each by weight are proposed to develop metal matrix composites using liquid metal processing route. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness and percentage elongations are to be studied for reinforced composites.

Paper Title

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF INJECTION MOULD FOR MINERAL WATER BOTTLE CAP

Abstract

Injection moulding is the most important process in the manufacturing of plastic parts. It is done by forcing melted plastic in to a mould cavity until it cools and forms a specific plastic shape. Plastic injection moulding is very useful when the plastic parts that need to be produced are too complex or expensive to do by machine. With plastic injection moulding, many parts can be made simultaneously (using the same mould).
The plastics used are the thermo-plastic (hdpe) as these materials soften when heated and re-harden when cooled. No chemical changes take place when the material is heated or cooled, the change being entirely physical. For this reason, the softening and re-hardening cycle can be repeated any number of times.
In this work, stress analysis of this cap cavity plate under the pressure 40 n/mm2 is considered, in addition to this thermal analysis is carried out at injection temperature 2200c and mould temperature 200c.

Paper Title

BIG DATA ANALYTICS FOSTERING ELECTRICAL POWER GRID TO ADD VALUES IN SMART CITY

Abstract

In today’s world software development has been changed from traditional development to web based application, where web is the integral part of the software instead of just a communication channel. We are in era of “Internet of things” where data are in the fight we have to store and process these continuously coming data (data streaming) immediately else data will be wasted. Traditional database failed at certain point, its reaching its thrash hold value we required a technology to handle lots of data, that is nothing but big data. It’s time to shifting the technology. In smart city, big data and analytics play the vital roles in most of area such smart grid, smart vehicle, health care, smart transportation etc. In this paper will emphasize, how bid data and analytics fostering electrical grid to make grid smarter (smart grid) and how the citizen of cities can extract the value from it , as of now lots of worked has been done , in this paper relevant work has been reviewed. In this paper will discuss how smart grid data (grid operation, smart metering and asset & workforce management) has been emerged with big data analytics and discussion extended up to benefits of smart grid from users and society view points.
KEYWORDS:Big Data and analytics; smart grid; smart meter; Grid operation; Asset and workforce management.

Paper Title

SIMULATION AND COMPARISON OF BOOST CONVERTER OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM FOR MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING

Abstract

In this paper represents the modeling and simulation of the solar photo-voltaic (PV) array power generator. As the solar photo-voltaic system used the solar energy that is the renewable energies for the electric power generation. The DC voltage generated by photovoltaic system is boosted by the DC to DC boost converter. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is applied for operating the photovoltaic array at the maximum power point. The Perturb and Observe (P&O) technique controls the duty ratio of boost converter for varying the load according to the maximum power point tracking.
KEYWORDS:Modeling, Photo-voltaic Cell, MPPT, DC to DC Boost Converter.